罗马法复兴与近代欧洲平等思想的成长  

Revival of Roman Law and the Growth of the Thought of Equality in Modern Europe

作　　者：何勤华[1] 刘铭倩 He Qinhua;Liu Mingqian

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学法律文明史研究院,上海201620 [2]华东政法大学法律学院,上海201620

出　　处：《湖湘法学评论》2024年第2期30-44,共15页HUXIANG LAW REVIEW

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目:法律文明史(11&ZD081)。

摘　　要：在欧洲大陆权利意识尚未觉醒的时代,承继古希腊思想精髓的古罗马已然具有了反抗贵族压迫和改善奴隶生活的平等理想。随着中世纪对罗马法研究的恢复,罗马精密的律法在得以复现的同时,近代欧洲关于平等的思想也得以塑造。从意识到不平等的存在到古代希腊罗马阐发关于万物平等的理想,从斯多葛学派肯定平等的现实可能性到将法律—政治权利的平等引入现实,平等理论的谱系随着欧洲思想史的演变而展开。罗马法复兴运动除去了蒙在人们眼前的封建荫翳,唤醒了人们对平等的渴望,为无数追求人类进步的繁星指明了方向。在现实意义之上,罗马法的研究不仅打破了中世纪法律思想的沉寂,也拉开了欧洲近代化的帷幕。得益于罗马盛期强大的统治力和规整的法典化形式,罗马法内含的平等基因也为拥有近似历史渊源的欧洲各国所吸收,近代欧洲平等思想在漫长的罗马法复兴运动中得以成长。In the era when the European continent had not yet awakened the consciousness of rights,the ancient Rome,which inherited the essence of the ancient Greek thought,had the ideal of equality to resist the oppression of the aristocracy and improve the life of slaves.With the restoration of the study of Roman law in the Middle Ages,the precise laws of Rome were reproduced,and the idea of equality in modern Europe was also shaped.From the realization of the existence of inequality to the interpretation of the ideal of equality of all things in ancient Greece and Rome,from the affirmation of the realistic possibility of equality by the Stoics to the introduction of the equality of legal and political rights into reality,the genealogy of equality theory has developed with the evolution of European intellectual history.The Roman Law revival movement burned away the shadow of feudalism in front of people,awakened the desire for equality,and pointed out the direction for countless stars pursuing human progress.On the basis of practical significance,the study of Roman law not only broke the silence of medieval legal thought,but also opened the curtain of European modernization.Because of the powerful ruling power and regular codified form of Roman law,the equality gene contained in Roman law was also suitable for European countries with similar historical origins to absorb,and the idea of equality in modern Europe grew in the long revival of Roman law.

关 键 词：罗马法复兴 平等 自由 自然法 近代欧洲思想 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]