“弹性”的嬗变:合法性原则在国际刑法中保障人权的价值演绎  

The Evolution of“Flexibility”:The Value Deduction of the Principle of Legality in International Criminal Law

作　　者：荆鸣 高磊 Jing Ming;Gao Lei

机构地区：[1]复旦大学一带一路及全球治理研究院,上海200433 [2]解放军西部战区31307部队,四川成都610000

出　　处：《湖湘法学评论》2024年第2期129-141,共13页HUXIANG LAW REVIEW

基　　金：上海市2023年度“科技创新行动计划”软科学研究项目:“一带一路”倡议下新兴科技产业的跨国补贴法律规制研究(23692115800)。

摘　　要：合法性原则是国际刑法中的一项重要人权原则,该原则要求审判机构的司法行为符合国际刑法的渊源。保障被追诉者的人权与实现被害人的正义诉求之间存在的冲突,导致大量国际刑事审判实践对合法性原则采取“弹性”处理的方式。国际刑法诞生以来,经历了以战争规则为主要渊源,较多地吸纳国际人权法及各法域刑法规则,以《罗马规约》为核心发展成较为独立的国际法部门三个阶段。各类审判机构在不同阶段的实践呈现出以“弹性”处理为主,逐渐趋向于收紧的阶段性规律。严格合法性原则具备充分的价值根基,更符合国际刑法最高功能定位,也符合现代刑事司法尊重和保障人权的根本价值取向,同时符合国内法与国际法在人权保护机制上交互影响的趋势。因此,应当合理限制国际刑法的定罪渊源,谨防因其肆意扩张而造成的对人权的威慑。Legality is an important human right principle in international criminal law,which requires the action of the judicial bodies to comply with the sources of international criminal law.Protecting the rights of the prosecuted contradicts achieving the justice of the victims,leading the judicial bodies to treat legality flexibly.Since the birth of international criminal law,it experiences from the rules of war,incorporating the rules of international human right law and other sources,towards an independent section of law mainly on the Rome Statute.Different judicial bodies’practices in different stages come from implied flexibility gradually towards a stricter manner.The strict legality has a deep root in human right value,and conforms better towards the highest aim of international criminal law.Modern criminal law also requires protecting human rights in litigations,in which context the strict legality conforms to the inter-crossing trend of domestic law and international law.Therefore,it is reasonable to constrict the sources of international criminal law to an acceptable range and take a precaution from its expansion and the threat of that towards human right.

关 键 词：国际刑法 合法性原则 人权 国际人权法 国际刑事法庭 

分 类 号：D99[政治法律—国际法学]