急倾斜薄矿体采场围岩及假底应力分布规律研究  

Research on Stress Distribution on Artificial Base and Surrounding Rock of Stope with Steeply Inclined and Thin Orebody

作　　者：李华[1] 荣辉[1] 何荣兴[2] 张星宇 LI Hua;RONG Hui;HE Rongxing;ZHANG Xingyu(HBIS Minging Co.,Ltd.;College of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University)

机构地区：[1]河北钢铁集团矿业有限公司 [2]东北大学资源与土木工程学院

出　　处：《现代矿业》2024年第4期182-186,共5页Modern Mining

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2020YFC1909801);国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:52274113)。

摘　　要：急倾斜极薄矿脉是有色、黄金矿山常见的矿体形态,多采用人工假底的留矿法或削壁充填法回采,研究采动过程中围岩和人工假底的受力分布对于设计假底参数和安全开采具有重要意义。以某金矿削壁充填采场为工程背景,模拟研究了人工假底及围岩采动过程中应力变化规律。上、下盘围岩采动后最大主应力和最小主应力减小,回采区域顶板应力集中。假底中心处垂直压力最小,越靠近上、下盘边壁垂直压力增加,随着采高增加,假底各部位的垂直压力增加,最后呈收敛趋势。人工假底主要是剪应力破坏,假底破坏主要是上、下盘高水平应力未作用在同一轴线而产生的剪应力造成的。根据散体侧压力和采动应力变化规律,提出在采场内每隔10m利用混凝土铺底,增加人工假底中混凝土强度及垂直方向的配筋,提高假底抗剪强度,从而提高深部采场回采的安全性和人工假底的稳固性。Steeply inclined and extremely thin vein is a common form of ore body in nonferrous and gold mines.Most of them are mined by artificial base retention method or cutting wall filling method.It is of great significance to study the stress distribution of surrounding rock and artificial base in the process of mining for the design of base parameters and safe mining.Based on the engineering background of the cutting and filling stope of a gold mine,the stress variation law of artificial base and surrounding rock during mining is simulated and studied.The maximum principal stress and the minimum principal stress of the surrounding rock of the upper and lower plates decrease after mining,and the roof stress in the mining area is concentrated.The vertical pressure at the center of the base is the smallest,and the closer to the upper and lower side walls,the more vertical pressure increases.With the increase of mining height,the vertical pressure of each part of the base increases and finally shows a convergence trend.The artificial base is mainly caused by shear stress failure.The base failure is mainly caused by the shear stress generated by the high-level stress of the upper and lower plates that does not act on the same axis.According to the variation law of bulk solid pressure and mining stress,it is proposed to use concrete to lay the bottom every 10 m in the stope,increase the concrete strength and vertical reinforcement in the artificial base,and improve the shear strength of the base,so as to improve the safety of deep stope mining and the stability of the artificial base.

关 键 词：急倾斜薄矿体 人工假底 削壁充填法 散体压力 

分 类 号：TD853.2[矿业工程—金属矿开采] TD325[矿业工程—矿山开采]