甘蓝型油菜pol CMS恢复系621R硼高效利用的遗传改良  

Genetic improvement of the pol CMS restorer 621R of Brassica napus L.in boron-efficiency by molecular marker-assisted selection

作　　者：邱收 洪登峰[1] 杨光圣[1] QIU Shou;HONG Deng-feng;YANG Guang-sheng(National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2024年第2期267-273,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：华中农业大学校资助创新作物遗传改良国家重点实验室开放基金。

摘　　要：油菜是需硼量最大的作物之一,在生产中需要额外增施硼肥,否则易出现大幅度减产。为了提高油菜对硼元素的利用效率,本研究以携带Bna.A03NIP5;1优良等位基因的硼高效利用材料2016-XFSB为供体亲本,以621R为轮回亲本,通过回交与MAS相结合的方法,将Bna.A03NIP5;1优良等位基因导入621R中,选育出拥有621R遗传背景并携带有Bna.A03NIP5;1优良等位基因的近等基因系材料621R^(NIP5;1A3),并在此基础上与细胞核雄性不育系RG430A配制了杂交种。利用水培和不同土质土壤栽培试验对621R和621R^(NIP5;1A3)及其杂种进行相关农艺性状的鉴定。结果表明,621R^(NIP5;1A3)及其杂交种对硼的利用效率有明显提升。农艺性状考察结果表明,621R^(NIP5;1A3)及其改良杂交种在生物量、株高、角果长、每角果粒数和千粒重等性状上有显著优势。本研究结果对油菜硼高效育种具有重要参考价值。Rapeseed is one of the crops that require the highest amount of boron,and additional application of boron fertilizer is necessary for production to prevent significant reduction in yield.To enhance the utilization efficiency of boron in rapeseed,we employed 2016-XFSB as a donor parent,which carries the superior allele Bna.A03NIP5;1,and used 621R as the recurrent parent.Through MAS-aided backcrossing,we successfully introduced the superior allele Bna.A03NIP5;1 into 621R and developed a near-isogenic line named 621R^(NIP5;1A3).Subsequently,new hybrids were generated by crossing both 621R and 621R^(NIP5;1A3)with a nuclear male sterility line RG430A.Hydroponic experiments and various soil cultivation experiments were conducted to evaluate agronomic traits performance of both 621R and 621R^(NIP5;1A3)lines as well as their hybrids.The results demonstrated a significant improvement in boron utilization efficiency for both 621R^(NIP5;1A3)line and its hybrid counterparts.Moreover,these improved materials exhibited notable advantages in biomass accumulation,plant height development,silique length extension,number of grains per silique incrementation,and seed weight enhancement.The findings from this study provide valuable insights for breeding boron-efficient varieties in Brassica napus.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 硼高效利用 分子标记辅助选择 回交育种 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]