河南省花生果腐病病原菌的分离及鉴定  

Isolation and identification of the pathogens causing peanut pod rot in Henan Province

作　　者：范腕腕 李绍建[1] 桑素玲[1] 张海燕 高蒙[1] 王振宇[1] FAN Wan-wan;LI Shao-jian;SANG Su-ling;ZHANG Hai-yan;GAO Meng;WANG Zhen-yu(Plant Protection Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2024年第2期377-384,共8页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2022ZC37)。

摘　　要：花生果腐病又称烂果病,是河南省乃至全国花生主产区日趋严重的重要病害。为明确河南省花生果腐病的病原菌,采用组织分离法对2019和2020年采自河南省各花生产区的92份花生果腐病样进行了菌株分离。结合形态学和分子生物学鉴定方法并依据柯赫氏法则进行验证,确定了引起河南省花生果腐病的病原菌包括镰刀菌属尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium. oxysporum)、腐皮镰刀菌(F. solani)、层出镰刀菌(F. proliferatum)和厚垣镰刀菌(F. chlamydosporum)、曲霉属黑曲霉菌(Aspergillus niger)和黄曲霉菌(A. flavus)、可可毛色二孢菌(Lasiodiplodia theobromae)、齐整小核菌(Sclerotium rolfsii)以及侵管新赤壳菌(Neocosmospora vasinfecta)共计5属9种,其中以镰刀菌属的尖孢和腐皮镰刀菌为优势种。本研究进一步确定了花生果腐病是由多种病原菌复合侵染所致,研究结果可为花生果腐病的有效防治提供重要依据。To identify the pathogens responsible for peanut pod rot in Henan Province,92 samples of peanut pod rot were collected from various geographic regions and subjected to tissue isolation techniques.Pathogens were identified based on their morphological and molecular biological,and verified using Koch′s rules.The results revealed that Fusarium,Aspergillus niger,Aspergillus flavus,Lasiodiplodia theobromae,Sclerotium rolfsii and Neocos-mospora vasinfecta were the pathogenic fungi causing peanut pod rot in Henan Province,with Fusarium as the dominant genus.The main Fusarium species identified in this study were F.oxysporum,F.solani,F.proliferatum and F.chlamydosporum,with F.oxysporum and F.solani being the predominant species.This study further confirms that peanut pod rot is caused by multiple pathogens,providing a foundation for controlling this disease in Henan Province.

关 键 词：花生果腐病 病原菌 镰刀菌属 曲霉属 复合侵染 

分 类 号：S4[农业科学—植物保护]