典型大洪水下珠江磨刀门河口拦门沙演变模式研究  

Pattern Analysis of the Sand Bar Evolution During the Typical Flood at the Modaomen Estuary of the Pearl Rive

作　　者：谭超[1,2,3,4] 黄广灵 黄本胜 区锦堂[1,2,3,4] 刘美婷 罗志发 TAN Chao;HUANG Guang-ling;HUANG Ben-sheng;OU Jin-tang;LIU Mei-ting;LUO Zhi-fa(Guangdong Research Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower,Guangzhou 510635,China;State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Estuarine Hydraulic Technology,Guangzhou 510635,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamic Research,Guangzhou 510635,China;Guangdong Water Safety Technology Collaborative Innovation Center,Guangzhou 510635,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省水利水电科学研究院,广东广州510635 [2]河口水利技术国家地方联合工程实验室,广东广州510635 [3]广东省水动力学应用研究重点实验室,广东广州510635 [4]广东省水安全科技协同创新中心,广东广州510635

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2024年第5期92-95,共4页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：广东省水利科技创新项目(2022-01);2022年度省属科研机构稳定性支持项目(22403);广州市科技计划项目(202201011540)。

摘　　要：磨刀门是珠江八大口门中输水、输沙量最大的口门,也是珠江最重要的泄洪通道,在珠江三角洲水系中占有极其重要的地位,研究其拦门沙冲淤演变模式对磨刀门河口地貌演变趋势分析及未来治理开发工程规划具有指导意义。以2005年6月典型大洪水过程为例,建立二维波流耦合的泥沙数学模型,分析磨刀门河口拦门沙冲淤演变特征。结果显示,典型大洪水条件下,上游来水来沙丰富,波浪对泥沙的转运作用相对被弱化,能够在较短时间内促进浅滩等沙体发育,形成新的地貌单元,并促进两侧沙体以沙嘴的形态快速向前淤进,伴随发育河口次级分汊地貌单元。研究表明,影响河口冲淤演变特征的因素包括河道地形、流场、余流余沙场及水流挟沙力等,上游来水来沙量、潮汐、波浪等因素则主导河口拦门沙演变模式。Modaomen estuary is the most important drainage channel in the Pearl River,and occupies an extremely important position in the river system of the Pearl River Delta.The study on the evolution mode of sediment erosion and deposition in Modaomen Estuary has scientific guiding significance for the analysis of geomorphological evolution trend and the future management and development project planning.Taking the typical flood process in June 2005 as an exam-ple,this paper analyzes the evolution characteristics of sediment erosion and deposition at Modaomen Estuary by establis-hing a two-dimension wave-current coupled sediment mathematical model.The results show that under the typical flood conditions,the upstream inflow sand is abundant,and the transport effect of waves on sediment is relatively weakened,which can promote the development of sandy bodies such as shoals in a short time,and form new geomorphic units,and promote the rapid sedimentation of sand bodies on both sides in the form of sand spits,with the development of secondary branching geomorphic units in the estuary.The study shows that the factors affecting the evolution characteristics of es-tuarine erosion and sedimentation include channel topography,flow field,residual flow and sand field,and the sediment carrying capacity of the current,etc.The upstream sediment inflow,tide,wave and other factors dominate the evolution model of estuarine barrier sediment.

关 键 词：磨刀门河口 大洪水过程 拦门沙 演变模式 

分 类 号：TV148.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]