泄洪消力池消力墩消能特性数值模拟研究  

Numerical Study on Flow Characteristics and Influences of Baffle Pier in Flood Discharge Stilling Basin

作　　者：陈柏雨 钟振宇 聂文豪 蒋勤[1] 郝婕 CHEN Bo-yu;ZHONG Zhen-yu;NIE Wen-hao;JIANG Qin;HAO Jie(College of Harbour,Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;PowerChina Zhongnan Engineering Corporation Limited,Changsha 410014,China;China Water Resources Pearl River Planning,Surveying&Designing Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,江苏南京210098 [2]中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司,湖南长沙410014 [3]中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司,广东广州510610

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2024年第5期144-148,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：向家坝水电站升船机下游引航道口门区水流条件研究项目(823121916);国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3008100)。

摘　　要：消力墩是常用的泄洪消力池消能结构物之一,对其消能效果与结构优化研究在枢纽结构设计中具有重要作用。为此,基于描述非恒定流运动的雷诺平均(RANS)方程和描述紊流运动的Realizableκ-ε湍流模型,采用VOF自由表面追踪方法,建立了模拟大自由表面变形流体运动的数值计算模型,对坝面泄洪引起的跌坎型消力池内复杂流体运动及消力墩的消能特性进行研究。首先,对不同坝面泄洪条件下消力池内水流运动进行模拟,通过将自由液面、水流流态及底板压强分布等的模拟结果与室内实测数据进行对比,验证了模型的模拟精度和可靠性;在此基础上,模拟分析了矩形、直角梯形和T形三种典型消力墩对消力池内水流流速、液面形态及湍动能分布的影响,探讨了长、宽、高相同、几何形状不同的消力墩的消能效果。结果表明,对水流能量的耗散作用,矩形消力墩优于直角梯形消力墩、直角梯形消力墩优于T形消力墩。Baffle pier is one of the commonly used hydraulic structure for energy dissipation in flood discharging still-ing basin,its hydraulic characteristics are usually examined through laboratory tests until now.Based on Reynolds-aver-aged N-S(RANS)equations describing unsteady flow motion and Realizableκ-εturbulence model representing turbulent properties of current,a numerical model is established by using VOF free surface tracking technique for simulating fluid motion with large free surface deformation,in order to analyze the violent fluid flow in stilling basin caused by flood dis-charging via dam surface as well as the energy dissipation characteristics of the baffle block.The accuracy and reliability of the established numerical model is verified through comparison of calculated free surface elevation,flow pattern and pressure distribution upon the subplate with the measured experimental data in different dam surface discharge condi-tions.The influences of different type of baffle blocks,including rectangular,right-angle trapezoid and T-shaped baffle blocks on flow velocity,water surface and turbulent kinetic energy distribution in stilling basin are further studied,and the energy dissipation effects of the blocks with the same length,width and height and different geometric shapes are clar-ified.The results show that the rectangular pier is better than the right-angle trapezoid pier,and the right-angle trapezoid pier is better than the T-shaped pier in dissipation of water flow energy.

关 键 词：跌坎型消力池 消力墩 自由表面流 VOF法数值模型 消能特性 

分 类 号：TV653.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]