环境DNA技术在长江口中华绒螯蟹亲蟹资源监测中的应用  

APPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL DNA TECHNOLOGY IN MONITORING THE BROODSTOCK RESOURCES OF ERIOCHEIR SINENSIS IN THE YANGTZE ESTUARY

作　　者：张方圆 王汝贤 杨刚[2] 秦泽 赵峰[2] 张涛[2] 耿智[2] ZHANG Fang-Yuan;WANG Ru-Xian;YANG Gang;QIN Ze;ZHAO Feng;ZHANG Tao;GENG Zhi(College of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 210009,China;Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海210009 [3]天津农学院,天津300384

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2024年第6期950-957,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(沪农科创字(2022)第2-1号);农业农村部财政项目(cjb2023zhc-03);国家自然科学基金(32102800);上海崇明东滩鸟类国家级自然保护区资源监测专项(CMDT-JC202302)资助。

摘　　要：通过对长江口水域环境DNA(eDNA)样品的采集和荧光定量PCR(qPCR)分析,并结合中华绒螯蟹亲蟹资源调查数据,探讨了eDNA技术在渔业资源监测中的应用前景。结果显示,2022年冬季长江口中华绒螯蟹亲蟹单位捕捞渔获量(CPUE)为(269.14±184.77)g/(net·h),表层水和底层水的中华绒螯蟹eDNA浓度分别为(14332.06±30560.85)和(15691.27±45132.77)copies/mL,两者与亲蟹的CPUE均呈极显著正相关关系,相关系数分别为0.912和0.883;CPUE与标准化后的表层水及底层水的eDNA浓度间的最佳拟合模型均为直线模型;影响表层水中华绒螯蟹eDNA浓度变化的主要环境因子为表层水盐度和底层水浊度。研究通过监测冬季长江口中华绒螯蟹CPUE与e DNA的关系,建立了中华绒螯蟹的资源监测定量分析模型,研究结果不仅能为水生生物资源监测等研究提供参考,对资源保护、生境修复等也具有重要的参考作用。By gathering and scrutinizing environmental DNA(eDNA) samples within the Yangtze estuary,using fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR),and by integrating data from the Eriocheir sinensis parent crab resource surveys,we have delved into the potential applications of environmental DNA technology in fisheries resource research.Our findings revealed that during the winter of 2022,the catch per unit effort(CPUE) for Eriocheir sinensis parent crabs in the Yangtze estuary was recorded at(269.14±184.77) g/(net·h).The eDNA concentrations in both surface water and bottom water were(14332.06±30560.85) and(15691.27±45132.77) copies/mL,respectively.Notably,both eDNA concentrations exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with the CPUE of parent crabs,demonstrating correlation coefficients of 0.912 and 0.883.The most fitting models for CPUE and standardized eDNA concentrations in both surface and bottom water were determined to be linear models.Identified as pivotal environmental factors influencing the variation in Eriocheir sinensis eDNA concentration in surface water were identified as surface water salinity and bottom water turbidity.In this study,we have preliminarily established a quantitative analysis model for monitoring Eriocheir sinensis resources by observing relation in CPUE and eDNA of the Eriocheir sinensis during the winter in the Yangtze estuary.The results of this study not only provide a valuable reference for the surveillance of aquatic biological resources but also play a crucial role in guiding resource protection and habitat restoration.

关 键 词：渔业资源 长江口 qPCR 环境DNA 中华绒螯蟹 

分 类 号：S932.5[农业科学—渔业资源]