不同比例低品质红鱼粉饲料中添加酵母培养物对美洲鳗鲡幼鱼生长及肠道健康的影响  

YEAST CULTURE ON THE GROWTH AND INTESTINAL HEALTH OF JUVENILE AMERICAN EEL(ANGUILLA ROSTRATA) FED DIETS WITH VARYING PROPORTIONS OF LOW-QUALITY BROWN FISHMEAL

作　　者：吴心怡 徐一闯 席峰 张电光 翟少伟 WU Xin-Yi;XU Yi-Chuang;XI Feng;ZHANG Dian-Guang;ZHAI Shao-Wei(Engineering Research Center of Modern Industry Technology for Eel,College of Fisheries,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China;College of Marine Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,鳗鲡现代产业技术教育部工程研究中心,厦门361021 [2]福建农林大学海洋学院,福州350002

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2024年第6期1000-1010,共11页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-46);鳗鲡现代产业技术教育部工程研究中心开放基金(RE202312)资助。

摘　　要：为研究在不同比例低品质红鱼粉饲料中添加酵母培养物对美洲鳗鲡幼鱼生长、肠道组织形态、肠道抗氧化能力及肠道菌群的影响,配制5种等氮等脂饲料,分别是基础饲料及用0、10%、20%和30%低品质红鱼粉(二级)替代基础饲料中白鱼粉且均添加0.1%酵母培养物的实验饲料,饲喂初始体重(13.52±0.05)g的美洲鳗鲡幼鱼8周。结果显示,与基础饲料相比,在基础饲料和使用10%低品质红鱼粉实验饲料中添加酵母培养物可显著促进美洲鳗鲡幼鱼生长、改善肠道组织形态和提高肠道抗氧化能力;而使用20%低品质红鱼粉实验饲料中添加酵母培养物对以上指标均无显著影响;酵母培养物添加在30%低品质红鱼粉饲料中未能改善生长性能下降及肠道损伤、菌群紊乱等问题。此外,在基础饲料和20%低品质红鱼粉饲料中添加酵母培养物均有益于调节肠道菌群组成,促进有益菌增殖并抑制潜在有害菌繁殖。以上研究结果表明,添加0.1%酵母培养物在美洲鳗鲡幼鱼基础饲料中促生长和改善肠道健康作用明显,可使低品质红鱼粉有效替代饲料中20%白鱼粉。研究结果可为有效降低鳗鲡饲料成本及促进酵母培养物在鱼类饲料中的科学应用提供依据。This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary yeast culture(YC) supplementation on the growth and intestinal health of juvenile American eels(Anguilla rostrata) fed with varying proportions of low-quality brown fishmeal replacing high-quality white fishmeal.The experimental diets consisted of a basal diet devoid of low-quality brown fishmeal(Grade Ⅱ) and four trial diets in which low-quality brown fishmeal(Grade Ⅱ) replaced high-quality white fishmeal(Grade Ⅰ) at levels of 0,10%,20%,and 30%.All trial diets containing low-quality brown fishmeal were supplemented with 0.10% YC.Over an eight-week period,American eels [initial weight of(13.52±0.05) g per fish] were administered the experimental diets.The results revealed that dietary YC supplementation significantly enhanced the growth performance,intestinal tissue morphology,and intestinal antioxidant capacity of juvenile American eels fed the basal diet and the diet with 10% low-quality brown fishmeal.Compared to the basal diet group,YC supplementation had no discernible impact on the growth performance,intestinal tissue morphology,and intestinal antioxidant capacity of eels fed the diet with 20% low-quality brown fishmeal.However,YC supplementation failed to mitigate the growth inhibition,intestinal injury,and disruption in intestinal flora induced by the 30% low-quality brown fishmeal diet in juvenile American eels.Furthermore,YC supplementation promoted the proliferation of probiotics and inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the intestines of eels fed the basal diet and the diet with 20% low-quality brown fishmeal.In conclusion,this study demonstrates that the inclusion of 0.1% YC in the diet promotes the growth performance and intestinal health of juvenile American eels,providing effective alternative to replacing 20% white fishmeal with low-quality red fishmeal.This research establishes a scientific foundation for reducing eel feed costs and the judicious utilization of YC in fish feed.

关 键 词：酵母培养物 肠道健康 生长性能 抗氧化 美洲鳗鲡 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]