四种助剂对防治褐飞虱的植物源农药1%印楝素水分散粒剂毒力的影响  

Effects of four adjuvants on the toxicity of botanical pesticide 1%azadirachtin WG against the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens(Hemiptera:Delphacidae)

作　　者：常向前[1] 吕亮[1] 郑正安 王晶 邓颍骏 杨小林[1] 王佐乾 张舒[1] CHANG Xiang-Qian;L Liang;ZHENG Zheng-An;WANG Jing;DENG Ying-Jun;YANG Xiao-Lin;WANG Zuo-Qian;ZHANG Shu(Key Laboratory of Central China Integrated Pests Management on Crops of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs,Hubei Key Laboratory for Crop Diseases&Insect Pests&Weeds Control,Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;King Biotec Corp.,Wuhan 430070,China;College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室,武汉430064 [2]康欣生物科技有限公司,武汉430075 [3]华中农业大学植物科技学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2024年第4期490-497,共8页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1401103)。

摘　　要：【目的】本研究旨在探究橙皮精油(orange peel essential oil,OPEO)、γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)、卵磷脂及马来酸二乙酯(diethyl maleate,DEM)4种助剂对植物源农药1%印楝素水分散粒剂(water dispersible granule,WG)毒力的影响,筛选出有增效作用的助剂,将其作为1%印楝素WG防治褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens的桶混助剂。【方法】利用稻苗浸渍法和连续浸液法评价印楝素及添加助剂OPEO、GABA、卵磷脂或DEM后对褐飞虱3龄若虫的毒力;测定印楝素(20 mg a.i./L)及添加助剂处理后,褐飞虱3龄若虫体内谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(glutathione S-transferase,GST)、羧酸酯酶(carboxylesterase,CarE)及乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase,AChE)3种酶活性;测定添加助剂后对印楝素药液(40 mg a.i./L)与水稻叶片接触角的影响。【结果】稻苗浸渍法处理后96 h,添加DEM使印楝素对褐飞虱3龄若虫胃毒性毒力显著增强,增效比为1.512;连续浸液法处理后72 h,添加OPEO或DEM使印楝素对褐飞虱3龄若虫内吸性毒力显著增强,其增效比分别为1.486及1.560;添加OPEO或DEM分别使褐飞虱3龄若虫体内GST活性比印楝素单剂处理分别降低69.4%和65.5%;添加DEM使CarE活性比印楝素单剂处理降低88.2%;添加OPEO或DEM后,印楝素药液液滴与水稻正面叶片的初始接触角从110°分别降至64.5°或67.9°。【结论】添加OPEO或DEM能明显提高印楝素对褐飞虱的毒力,提高印楝素药液在水稻叶片上的润湿性。因此,将OPEO或DEM作为1%印楝素WG防治褐飞虱的桶混助剂有一定的应用价值。【Aim】This study aims to explore the effects of four adjuvants,namely orange peel essential oil(OPEO),γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),lecithin and diethyl maleate(DEM),on the toxicity of the botanical pesticide 1%azadirachtin(AZ)water dispersible granule(WG),and to screen adjuvants with synergistic effect as tank-mix adjuvants of 1%AZ WG to control the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens.【Methods】The toxicity of AZ and AZ with adjuvants OPEO,GABA,lecithin or DEM to the 3rd instar nymphs of N.lugens was evaluated by the rice seedling dipping method and continuous immersion method,and the activities of glutathione S-transferase(GST),carboxylesterase(CarE)and acetylcholinesterase(AChE)in the 3rd instar nymphs of N.lugens after treatment with 20 mg a.i./L AZ or 20 mg a.i./L AZ with adjuvants were determined.The effect of adding adjuvants on the contact angle of AZ solution(40 mg a.i./L)on the leaf of rice was evaluated.【Results】At 96 h after the rice seedling dipping treatment,the addition of DEM had a significant synergistic effect on the gastric toxicity of AZ,with the synergistic ratio of 1.512,while at 72 h after the continuous immersion treatment,the addition of OPEO or DEM significantly increased the systemic activity of AZ,with the synergistic ratios of 1.486 and 1.560,respectively.The GST activities in the 3rd instar nymphs of N.lugens in treatments with AZ plus OPEO and AZ plus DEM were decreased by 69.4%and 65.5%,respectively,and the CarE activity in treatment with AZ plus DEM was decreased by 88.2%as compared to those in just AZ treatment.After adding OPEO or DEM,the initial contact angles of liquid droplets of AZ solution on the adaxial leaf of rice was reduced from 110°to 64.5°and 67.9°,respectively.【Conclusion】Adding OPEO or DEM can significantly improve the toxicity of AZ to N.lugens,and improve the wetting ability of AZ solution on the leaf of rice.So,the two substances have some potential value as tank-mix adjuvants of 1%AZ WG to control N.lugens.

关 键 词：褐飞虱 桶混助剂 植物源农药 毒力 增效作用 解毒酶 接触角 

分 类 号：Q965.9[生物学—昆虫学]