甲维盐与阿维菌素对褐飞虱繁殖力及天敌稻虱缨小蜂控害能力的影响  

Effects of emamectin benzoate and avermectin on the fecundity of Nilaparvata lugens(Hemiptera:Delphacidae)and the pest control capacity of parasitic wasp,Anagrus nilaparvatae(Hymenoptera:Mymaridae)

作　　者：何佳春[1] 王康逸 Mubashar HUSSAIN 魏琪 万品俊 赖凤香[1] 王渭霞[1] 傅强[1] HE Jia-Chun;WANG Kang-Yi;Mubashar HUSSAIN;WEI Qi;WAN Pin-Jun;LAI Feng-Xiang;WANG Wei-Xia;FU Qiang(State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding,China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 311401,China;Chongqing Fuling District Economic Crop Development Center,Chongqing 408000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所,水稻生物育种全国重点实验室,杭州311401 [2]重庆市涪陵区经济作物发展中心,重庆408000

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2024年第4期538-548,共11页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：稻飞虱灾变机制与可持续防控技术研究(2021YFD1401100);国家水稻产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-01);中国农业科学院科技创新工程资助项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2023-CNRRI)。

摘　　要：【目的】评估甲维盐和阿维菌素两种药剂对褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens繁殖力及其寄生性天敌稻虱缨小蜂Anagrus nilaparvatae的影响,探明两种药剂引起褐飞虱田间再猖獗的原因。【方法】田间调查了使用5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(甲维盐)微乳剂(microemulsion,ME)(用量225 mL/hm^(2))和5%阿维菌素悬浮剂(suspension concentrate,SC)(用量240 mL/hm^(2))后对田间褐飞虱虫口密度和稻虱缨小蜂成蜂寄生率的影响;室内试验采用稻茎浸渍法测定甲维盐和阿维菌素对褐飞虱4龄若虫的毒力以及不同浓度(LC_(15),LC_(30),LC_(50)和LC_(75))甲维盐和阿维菌素对褐飞虱繁殖力及稻虱缨小蜂成蜂存活和寄生能力的影响,同时采用玻璃管药膜法测定了这两种药剂对稻虱缨小蜂成蜂的毒力,评价了其风险级别。【结果】田间调查结果显示,施用5%甲维盐ME或5%阿维菌素SC显著增加了田间褐飞虱虫口密度,显著降低了稻虱缨小蜂成蜂田间寄生率。室内生物测定结果显示甲维盐和阿维菌素对褐飞虱4龄若虫的LC 50值分别为1.20和2.03 mg/L,各浓度(LC_(15)~LC_(75))甲维盐和中低致死浓度(LC_(15)~LC_(50))阿维菌素处理后的褐飞虱成虫单雌产卵量均显著高于对照。甲维盐和阿维菌素对稻虱缨小蜂成蜂的LC_(50)值分别为0.0145和0.0205 mg/L,田间用量的安全系数分别为4.52×10^(-4)~9.05×10^(-4)和8.52×10^(-4)~14.22×10^(-4),均为极高风险性药剂。【结论】甲维盐和阿维菌素会引起田间褐飞虱的再猖獗,主要有两方面的原因,一是刺激褐飞虱雌成虫产卵,二是作为稻虱缨小蜂的高风险药剂,极大地削弱了该蜂对褐飞虱的控害作用。因此,应减少两种药剂在稻田的使用,避免导致褐飞虱的再猖獗。【Aim】To evaluate the effects of ebamectin benzoate and avermectin on the fecundity of Nilaparvata lugens and its parasitic natural enemy Anagrus nilaparvatae,to explore the reasons leading to the resurgence of N.lugens in the field caused by the two insecticides.【Methods】The effects of application of 225 mL/hm 2 of 5%ebamectin benzoate microemulsion(ME)and 240 mL/hm^(2)of 5%avermectin suspension concentrate(SC)on the population density of N.lugens and parasitism rate of A.nilaparvatae adults were investigated in the field conditions.The toxicity of the two insecticides to the 4th instar nymphs of N.lugens was tested with rice stem-dipping method in the laboratory.In addition,the effects of different concentrations(LC_(15),LC_(30),LC_(50)and LC_(75))of the two insecticides on the fecundity of N.lugens and the survival and parasitic ability of A.nilaparvatae adults were also tested with rice stem-dipping method in the laboratory.The toxicity of the two insecticides to A.nilaparvatae adults was determined by the method of residual film in glass tube,and their risk levels were evaluated.【Results】The field investigations showed that the application of either 5%emamectin benzoate ME or 5%avermectin SC significantly increased the population density of N.lugens in the fields,and significantly reduced the parasitism rates of A.nilaparvatae adults.The laboratory bioassay results revealed that the LC_(50) values of ebamectin benzoate and avermectin against the 4th instar nymphs of N.lugens were 1.20 and 2.03 mg/L,respectively.The number of eggs laid per female adult of N.lugens treated by either ebamectin benzoate(LC_(15)-LC_(75))or avermectin(LC_(15)-LC_(50))was significantly higher than that of the control.The LC 50 values of ebamectin benzoate and avermectin against A.nilaparvatae adults were 0.0145 and 0.0205 mg/L,respectively.The safety factors for the dosage of emamectin benzoate and avermectin used in fields were 4.52×10^(-4)-9.05×10^(-4)and 8.52×10^(-4)-14.22×10^(-4),respectively,suggesting that the

关 键 词：褐飞虱 稻虱缨小蜂 甲维盐 阿维菌素 再猖獗 繁殖力 寄生率 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]