江汉平原稻田主要害虫与天敌关系分析  

Analysis of the relationship between main insect pests and natural enemies in paddy fields in Jianghan Plain,Central China

作　　者：蒲雷 蔡万伦[1] 华红霞[1] 沈栎阳 朱宏远 李绍勤[1] PU Lei;CAI Wan-Lun;HUA Hong-Xia;SHEN Li-Yang;ZHU Hong-Yuan;LI Shao-Qin(Key Laboratory of Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management,College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北省昆虫资源利用与害虫可持续治理重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2024年第4期582-588,共7页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：湖北省洪山实验室重大项目(2021 hszd002)。

摘　　要：【目的】本研究旨在调查分析江汉平原稻田节肢动物群落的物种组成以及主要害虫与天敌相互作用的关系,为制定水稻害虫绿色防控技术体系提供科学依据。【方法】2019-2020年通过吸虫器法和扫网法在水稻的分蘖期、孕穗期、齐穗期调查江汉平原监利市、潜江市、江陵县等市(县)28块稻田节肢动物物种种类与个体数量,采用主成分分析和灰色关联度分析法分析了各主成分对稻田节肢动物群落的影响以及主要害虫与天敌种群数量之间的关系。【结果】2019-2020年调查的江汉平原稻田节肢动物种类共169种,按照营养取食关系,将稻田节肢动物群落划分为4个亚群落,其中植食类6目33科57种,捕食类7目30科50种,寄生类2目15科44种,中性类5目16科18种。稻田节肢动物群落中对第1主成分贡献大的是白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera和黑尾叶蝉Nephotettix bipunctatus;对第2主成分贡献大的是淡翅小花蝽Orius tantillus和青翅蚁形隐翅虫Paederus fuscipes;对第3主成分贡献大的是稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis和灰飞虱Laodelphax striatellus。与主要害虫稻纵卷叶螟种群数量关联度大的前3位天敌依次为:草间钻头蛛Hylyphantes graminicola>拟环纹豹蛛Pardosa pseudoannulata>三突花蛛Misumenops tricuspidatus。与主要害虫白背飞虱种群数量关联度大的前3位天敌依次为:华丽肖蛸Tetragnatha nitens>黑肩绿盲蝽Cyrtorhinus lividipennis>拟环纹豹蛛。【结论】稻田节肢动物群落构成差异主要是由优势植食性昆虫和优势捕食性天敌数量决定的。捕食动物草间钻头蛛种群数量与稻纵卷叶螟种群数量追随关系最为密切,对稻纵卷叶螟具有一定控制作用,华丽肖蛸的种群数量与白背飞虱种群数量追随关系最为密切,对白背飞虱具有一定控制作用。【Aim】This study aims to investigate and analyze the species composition of arthropod community in paddy fields and the interaction between main insect pests and natural enemies in Jianghan Plain of Central China,so as to provide a scientific basis for the development of a green management system for rice pests.【Methods】The numbers of species and individuals of arthropods in 28 paddy fields in Jianli City,Qianjiang City,Jiangling County,and other cities and counties in Jianghan Plain were investigated at the tillering stage,booting stage and full heading stage of rice by sucking-machine method and sweeping-net method from 2019 to 2020.The effects of principal components on arthropod community in paddy fields and the interactions between the population size of main insect pests and the population size of natural enemies were analyzed by principal component analysis and grey correlation analysis.【Results】There were 169 arthropod species in paddy fields investigated in Jianghan Plain during 2019-2020.According to the nutrient feeding relationship,the arthropod community in paddy fields was divided into four subcommunities,including 6 orders,33 families and 57 species of phytophagous species,7 orders,30 families and 50 species of predatory species,2 orders,15 families and 44 species of parasitic species,and 5 orders,16 families and 18 species of neutral species.In the arthropod community in paddy fields,Sogatella furcifera and Nephotettix bipunctatus had the main contribution to the 1st principal component,Orius tantillus and Paederus fuscipes had the main contribution to the 2nd principal component,and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Laodelphax striatellus had the main contribution to the 3rd principal component.The first three natural enemies whose population size had high correlations with the population size of the main pest C.medinalis were ranked in a descending order as follows:Hylyphantes graminicola>Pardosa pseudoannulata>Misumenops tricuspidatus,while those whose population size had high correlation

关 键 词：节肢动物群落 主要害虫 天敌 主成分分析 灰色关联度分析 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]