膝关节镜术后血栓形成的风险评估与药物预防  

Risk assessment and pharmacological prevention of thrombosis after knee arthroscopy

作　　者：吴金龙 赵金忠[1] WU Jinlong;ZHAO Jinzhong(Department of Sports Medicine,the Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属第六人民医院运动医学科,上海200233

出　　处：《中国研究型医院》2024年第2期50-53,共4页Chinese Research Hospitals

摘　　要：膝关节镜手术作为膝关节疾病的常规微创手术,其术后并发的静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)应引起足够重视。由于VTE的特征性症状和体征相对较少,评估和确诊通常需要依赖D-二聚体检测和下肢血管超声等检查手段。虽然目前的指南建议具有VTE风险的患者需接受药物预防,但关于膝关节镜术后患者是否应该采取该预防策略依然存在争议。与膝关节镜术后VTE密切相关的危险因素包括年龄、肥胖及VTE既往史等,但各地区的诊疗指南对药物预防的适用范围仍看法不一。笔者对膝关节镜术后VTE的风险评估和药物预防的研究现状进行综述,旨在为临床实践提供指导。As a routine minimally invasive surgery for knee joint diseases,arthroscopic surgery should draw sufficient attention to postoperative venous thromboembolism(VTE).Due to the relatively few characteristic symptoms and signs of VTE,assessment and diagnosis typically rely on methods such as D-dimer testing and lower limb vascular ultrasound.Although current guidelines recommend pharmacological prophylaxis for patients at risk of VTE,there is still controversy regarding whether post-arthroscopy patients should adopt this preventive strategy.Risk factors closely associated with post-arthroscopy VTE include age,obesity,and a history of VTE,but there is still varying opinion among regional guidelines regarding the applicability of pharmacological prevention.This review by the author summarizes the current research on risk assessment for post-arthroscopy VTE and pharmacological prevention,aiming to provide guidance for clinical practice.

关 键 词：静脉血栓栓塞 危险因素 预防和防护用药 膝关节镜手术 

分 类 号：R687.4[医药卫生—骨科学]