考虑阀芯阀套径向间隙的对称均等负开口液压滑阀压力特性分析  

Pressure Characteristics of Hydraulic Spool Valve with Symmetric and Equal Overlaps Considering Radial Clearance Between Spool and Sleeve

作　　者：訚耀保[1] 李天宇 张玄[1] 李双路 李聪[1] 张鑫彬 YIN Yao-bao;LI Tian-yu;ZHANG Xuan;LI Shuang-lu;LI Cong;ZHANG Xin-bin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092;Shanghai Institute of Spaceflight Control Technology,Shanghai 200233)

机构地区：[1]同济大学机械与能源工程学院,上海200092 [2]上海航天控制技术研究所,上海200233

出　　处：《液压与气动》2024年第4期9-14,共6页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2001100);国家自然科学基金(52175059)。

摘　　要：考虑阀芯与阀套之间的径向间隙,建立具有对称均等负开口量的液压滑阀压力特性数学模型,得到了负开口滑阀的压力特性曲线族及其基本特征,分析了径向间隙和负开口量对滑阀压力特性的影响。结果表明:具有负开口量的液压滑阀的压力特性曲线在阀芯位移等于负开口量处存在拐点,在拐点前假设为层流流动,因此负载压力随阀位移变化曲线是线性的,在拐点后为紊流流动,因此负载压力与阀位移成非线性关系;负开口滑阀可弥补阀芯阀套径向间隙的泄漏量,其压力增益随着负开口量的增加而降低;所建立的数学模型,可为电液伺服阀、高端比例阀以及多路滑阀的研制和分析提供技术支撑。Considering the radial clearance between spool and sleeve,a mathematical model of hydraulic spool valve with symmetrical and equal negative openings is established,and the pressure characteristic curve family and basic characteristics of overlapped spool are obtained.The influence of clearance and overlap on the pressure characteristics of overlapped valve is analyzed by simulation.The results show that there is an inflection point in the pressure characteristic curve of overlapped valve where the spool displacement is equal to overlaps.Laminar flow is assumed before the inflection point,so the load pressure changes linearly with the spool displacement.After the inflection point,the flow is turbulent,so the load pressure has a nonlinear relationship with the spool displacement.The overlapped valve can compensate the gap leakage of the spool and the pressure gain of the proportional valve decreases with the increase of the overlap.The established mathematical model can provide technical support for the development and production of electro-hydraulic servo valves,high-end proportional valves and spool valves.

关 键 词：滑阀 径向间隙 负开口量 对称均等 压力特性 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]