汇流角对双向流道灌水器水力性能影响模拟研究  

Simulation Study on the Influence of Confluence Angle on the Hydraulic Performance of Bidirectional Channel Emitter

作　　者：燕乔[1] 桑学锋 赵彬 胡伟 王亚林 YAN Qiao;SANG Xue-feng;ZHAO Bin;HU Wei;WANG Ya-in(College of Hydraulic&Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443000,Hubei Province,China;Huangbai River Basin Administration of Yichang City,Yichang 443000,Hubei Province,China;Yineng Hydro Limited liability company,Yichang 443000,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443000 [2]宜昌市黄柏河流域管理局,湖北宜昌443000 [3]宜能水电有限责任公司,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2024年第5期74-79,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科技计划重点项目(D20221206);三峡库区地质灾害教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(2022KDZ20)。

摘　　要：为探明双向流道汇流角对灌水器水力性能的影响,采用数值模拟分析方法,研究6组汇流角度下双向流道灌水器水力性能及抗堵性能变化规律。结果表明:随着双向流道汇流角的增大,灌水器流量系数及流态指数均逐渐增大,当汇流角为45°、60°、90°、105°时,灌水器流态指数约为0.5,当汇流角为135°、165°时,灌水器流态指数大于0.7;灌水器双向流道存在主流区与旋涡区,随着汇流角的增大,流道内低速旋涡区范围明显减小,水流对冲消能作用减弱;流道内固体颗粒运动轨迹随流道结构变化明显。在汇流角小于90°时,颗粒更易进入旋涡区做涡团运动,且主要出现在靠近流道进水口的流道单元,灌水器发生流道堵塞的概率很大。水流汇流角度大于90°时,水流携沙能力增强,颗粒在流道内停留时间减小,流道抗堵能力增强。双向流道灌水器在汇流角为105°时,具有相对优异的水力性能和抗堵性能,灌水器流道设计时可优先考虑。To investigate the impact of the two-way flow channel confluence angle on the hydraulic performance of the emitter,numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the hydraulic performance and the change in blockage resistance of the two-way flow channel emitter across six groups of confluence angles.Research results show that:with the increase in the two-way flow channel convergence angle,the emitter flow coefficient and the flow index gradually increased.For convergence angles of 45°,60°,90°,105°,the emitter flow index was in the vicinity of 0.5,when the convergence angle of 135°,165°,emitter flow index exceeded 0.7;The two-way flow path of the emitter has a main flow and a swirl zone.As the convergence angle increases,the low-speed vortex area in the flow channel is significantly reduced,the water is less likely to separate from the side wall.The trajectory of solid particles in the flow channel with the flow channel structure changes very obvious.At convergence angles of less than 90°,particles are more likely to enter the vortex zone with a swirling mass motion and are mainly found in the runner unit near the inlet of the runner,which has a high probability of blocking the runner.When the angle of convergence of the water flow is greater than 90°,the water flow has a strong ability to carry sand and the particles are easily discharged from the flow channel with the water flow,the residence time of the particles in the flow channel is reduced,the flow channel resistance to blockage is enhanced.Two-way flow channel emitters demonstrate relatively excellent hydraulic performance and blockage resistance at a confluence angle of 105°,which can be given priority in two-way emitter flow channel design.

关 键 词：双向流道 灌水器 水力性能 数值模拟 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程]