淮北平原干旱胁迫对夏大豆土壤耗水量及产量的影响  

Effect of Drought Stress on Soil Water Consumption and Yield of Summer Soybean in Huaibei Plain

作　　者：高佩 吕海深[1] 王怡宁 刘文 朱永华[1] 周超 孙博 卢怡然 方晶晶 GAO Pei;LÜHai-shen;WANG Yi-ning;LIU Wen;ZHU Yong-hua;ZHOU Chao;SUN Bo;LU Yi-ran;FANG Jing-jing(The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention,College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;Anhui Water Resources)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水灾害防御全国重点实验室,水文水资源学院,南京210098 [2]南京水利科学研究院,南京210029 [3]安徽省(水利部淮河水利委员会)水利科学研究院,五道沟水文实验站,安徽蚌埠233000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2024年第5期88-93,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41830752,42071033);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52109029)。

摘　　要：为探究不同干旱水平在各生育期对夏大豆在砂姜黑土与黄潮土中的影响及差异,基于2022年五道沟实验站桶栽受旱试验,在夏大豆分枝期、花荚期、鼓粒成熟期通过水分控制,设置轻旱、中旱、重旱3个干旱水平与全生育期无旱对照(CK),分析各生育期不同干旱水平胁迫对夏大豆在两种土壤中耗水量、产量、水分利用效率(WUE)的影响及差异。结果表明:(1)两种土壤中夏大豆各生育阶段随干旱加重耗水量呈减小趋势,重旱减小最显著;砂姜黑土中耗水量各受旱组小于对照组,黄潮土除分枝期轻旱外耗水量均低于对照组,且耗水量减少水平除鼓粒成熟期轻旱均小于砂姜黑土。(2)两种土壤重旱对产量影响最强烈,鼓粒成熟期重旱减产最严重;黄潮土花荚期不同受旱水平减产率均低于砂姜黑土,分枝期各受旱组砂姜黑土减产率低于黄潮土。(3)两种土壤花荚期、鼓粒成熟期WUE随干旱程度加剧呈明显递减趋势,重旱影响下WUE减小明显,鼓粒成熟期重旱对WUE影响最严重;受旱减产水平在不同生育阶段存在差异,使得花荚期黄潮土各处理组WUE均高于砂姜黑土,分枝期黄潮土WUE均低于砂姜黑土。In order to explore the effects and variations of different drought stresses on the water use efficiency of summer soybean in concretion black soil and yellow tide soil at different growth stages.Based on the drought test of barrel planting at Wudaogou station in 2022.Three drought levels of light drought,medium drought and severe drought and drought-free control(CK)of summer soybean were set up through water control at the branching stage,pod stage and drum grain maturity stage of summer soybean,and the effects and variations of different drought stresses in different growth periods on water consumption,yield and water use efficiency(WUE)of summer soybean in two types of soil were analyzed.The results showed that:①The water consumption of summer soybean in both types of soil decreased with the aggravation of drought,and the decrease of severe drought was the most significant.The water consumption in the black soil of sand ginger was smaller than that of the control group,and the water consumption of yellow aquic soil except for the light drought at the branching stage was lower than that of the control group,and the water consumption reduction level was lower than that of the lime concretion black soil except for the light drought in the drum grain maturity stage.②The two types of soil had the strongest impact on yield,and the severe drought and yield reduction were the most serious during the drum grain ripening stage.The yield reduction rate of different drought levels in the pod stage of yellow tide soil was lower than that of lime concretion black soil,and the yield reduction rate of lime concretion black soil at different drought levels in the branching stage was lower than that of yellow tide soil.③WUE during pod stage and drum grain maturity stage of the two soils showed a significant decreasing trend with the intensification of drought.WUE decreased significantly under the influence of severe drought,and severe drought had the most serious impact on WUE in the drum grain maturity stage.There were d

关 键 词：夏大豆 不同土壤 不同程度干旱胁迫 耗水量 差异性 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程] TV93[农业科学—农业工程]