船舶油污强制清除费用法律性质辨析  

Analysis of the Legal Nature of Compulsory Removal Costs for Ship Oil Pollution

作　　者：王少权 Wang Shaoquan(Hunan Normal University,Changsha,Hunan 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《中国海事》2024年第5期62-65,共4页China Maritime Safety

摘　　要：明晰船舶油污强制清除费用法律性质是强化船舶油污精准防治机制的应有之义。随着国际船舶油污损害赔偿立法的日臻成熟,我国亟待厘清强制清污费法律性质以完善损害赔偿制度体系。通过批判和继承有关强制清污费法律性质的主流学术观点,沿着认定强制清污行为属于行政强制代履行、识别海事部门与清污第三人订立的协议属于行政协议和明确强制清污费只能由海事部门依公权力向清污义务人求偿这一层层递进的思路展开论述,试图优化强制清污费行政性质认定的论证逻辑。To clarify the legal nature of the charges for the compulsory oil pollutant cleanup of ships is a necessary requirement in enhancing the mechanism on the accurate prevention and control of oil pollution by ships.With the continuous improvement of international legislation on oil pollution damage compensation,it is urgent for China to clarify the legal nature of the charges for the compulsory oil pollutant cleanup so as to improve the damage compensation system.Based on a critical reference of the mainstream academic opinions on the legal nature,the paper probes into the issue based on the views that compulsory pollution cleanup is recognized as acting performance of administrative coercion,that the contract between the maritime administration and the third party of pollution cleanup is an administrative agreement,and that the charges for compulsory pollution cleanup can only be claimed at the pollution cleanup obligator by the maritime administration using public authorities.It attempts to optimize the argument logic for the recognition of the administrative nature of the charges for compulsory pollution cleanup.

关 键 词：强制清污 强制清污费 行政协议 行政强制代履行 海事行政执法 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]