免疫耐受期HBV感染者抗病毒治疗的临床争议  

Clinical controversies over antiviral therapy for patients in the immune-tolerant phase of hepatitis B virus infection

作　　者：胡林慧 王艳[1] HU Linhui;WANG Yan(Department of Infectious Diseases,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院感染科,北京100034

出　　处：《临床肝胆病杂志》2024年第5期875-879,共5页Journal of Clinical Hepatology

摘　　要：为实现“2030年消除病毒性肝炎作为公共卫生危害”的目标,目前针对慢性HBV感染提倡更广泛筛查、更积极预防和抗病毒治疗。但“慢性HBV感染免疫耐受期患者是否启动抗病毒治疗”尚无统一观点。部分专家认为免疫耐受期患者肝脏免疫微环境稳定,疾病进展可能小,且治疗效果不佳,不建议启动抗病毒治疗;而另有多项研究提示免疫耐受期患者肝脏仍存在炎症损伤,有疾病进展风险,接受抗病毒治疗后成本效益高,因此部分专家建议对免疫耐受期患者应积极启动抗病毒治疗。本文对慢性HBV感染者免疫耐受期的定义、抗病毒治疗的利弊进行文献综述,并基于既往文献进行初步的系统分析,以增加对慢性HBV感染免疫耐受期是否抗病毒治疗的证据积累,为未来免疫耐受期患者的规范临床诊疗奠定基础。To achieve the goal of“eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health hazard by 2030”,extensive screening,active prevention,and antiviral therapy are currently recommended for chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection;however,no consensus has been reached on whether to initiate antiviral therapy for patients in the immune-tolerant phase of chronic HBV infection.Some experts believe that patients in the immune-tolerant phase tend to have a stable liver immune microenvironment,with a low risk of disease progression and poor response to treatment,and thus it is not recommended to initiate antiviral therapy.However,various other studies have shown that patients in the immune-tolerant phase still have inflammatory damage in the liver,with a risk of disease progression and a high level of cost effectiveness,and therefore,some experts suggest that antiviral therapy should be actively initiated for patients in the immune-tolerant phase.This article performs a literature review of the definition of patients in the immune-tolerant phase of chronic HBV infection and the advantages and disadvantages of antiviral therapy and conducts a preliminary analysis based on previous studies,in order to accumulate the evidence for whether to initiate antiviral therapy in the immune-tolerant phase of chronic HBV infection and lay a foundation for standardized clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients in the immune-tolerant phase.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒 免疫耐受 治疗学 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]