超临界水对重油改质中多环芳烃生成与转化影响的研究进展  

Research progress in influence of supercritical water on formation and transformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in heavy oil upgrading

作　　者：孟佳 刘同举[1] MENG Jia;LIU Tongju(Sinopec(Beijing)Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化(北京)化工研究院有限公司,北京100013

出　　处：《石油化工》2024年第5期745-751,共7页Petrochemical Technology

摘　　要：利用超临界水(SCW)进行重油改质可将大分子降解为小分子,起降低黏度、去除杂原子的作用,在诸多方面展现了传统热裂解所不具有的优势。介绍了重油的分子结构及热裂解机理,多环芳烃(PAHs)是重油中的主要成分,在热解过程中PAHs的生成与转化对重油改质的结果产生了决定性的影响。综述了SCW改质重油机理,从水分子溶解作用、团簇的“笼效应”和供氢能力三个方面分析了SCW对PAHs变化的影响,并讨论了其他潜在的可用于重油改质的超临界流体,在此基础上对未来的研究方向进行了展望。Using supercritical water(SCW)for heavy oil upgrading facilitates the degradation of large molecules into smaller ones,thereby reducing viscosity and removing heteroatoms,which shows several advantages over traditional thermal cracking in many aspects.This paper introduced the molecular structure and pyrolysis mechanism of heavy oil.It concluded that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are the main components in heavy oil,and their generation and transformation during thermal cracking have a decisive impact on the results of heavy oil upgrading.The mechanism of upgrading heavy oil by SCW was reviewed.The influence of SCW on the change of PAHs was analyzed from three aspects:dissolution,cluster encapsulation effect,and hydrogen donor capacity.Additionally,other potential supercritical fluids for heavy oil upgrading were discussed,and based on this,future research directions were proposed.

关 键 词：超临界水 重油改质 多环芳烃 

分 类 号：TE624.3[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]