聚(丙烯腈/丙烯酸乙酯)彩色乳胶粒的制备及其印花性能研究  

Preparation of Poly(acrylonitrile/ethyl acrylate) Colored Latex Particles and Their Printing Properties

作　　者：赵乐 杨静 吕杨奇 唐春霞 关玉 付少海 Le Zhao;Jing Yang;Yang-qi Lv;Chun-xia Tang;Yu Guan;Shao-hai Fu(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles,Ministry of Education,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122)

机构地区：[1]江南大学纺织科学与工程学院、生态纺织教育部重点实验室(江南大学),无锡214122

出　　处：《高分子学报》2024年第6期750-760,共11页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(基金号22278185);中国纺织工业联合会应用基础研究项目(项目号J202208)资助

摘　　要：针对目前共聚法制备的彩色纳米乳胶粒存在着色力差,难以实现对织物深、浓染色的问题,首先通过计算常用聚合单体的溶解度参数,筛选出对可聚合蒽醌染料溶解性更好的硬、软单体组合,再通过半连续乳液聚合的方法制备了聚(丙烯腈/丙烯酸乙酯)红色纳米乳胶粒,采用红外光谱仪、透射电子显微镜、示差扫描量热仪、电子万能材料试验机等仪器对乳胶粒的结构和性能进行了表征,探究了硬、软单体比例、可聚合染料用量、油水比、引发剂浓度等因素对乳胶粒性能的影响,并研究了不同固含量的红色纳米乳胶粒对棉织物的印花效果.结果表明:硬单体丙烯腈(AN)和软单体丙烯酸乙酯(EA)对染料的溶解性良好,当二者比例在1:1.5~1:2时,所得乳胶膜兼具强力及延展性;染料的用量从0.5 wt%增加到2.5 wt%,油水比从1:8增加到1:4,单体和染料的转化率都呈降低趋势;当乳胶粒固含量为30%时,印花织物的K/S值为10.34.与以往共聚法制备的彩色乳胶粒相比,乳胶粒中染料的接枝率大幅上升,有效提高了彩色纳米乳胶粒的着色力.In view of the problem that the color nano-latex particles prepared by the copolymerization method have poor color strength,and it is difficult to achieve deep and intensive dyeing of fabrics,this study first screened out the combination of soft and hard monomers with better solubility to polymerizable anthraquinone dyes(AHAQ)by calculating the solubility parameters of commonly used polymeric monomers,and then prepared poly(acrylonitrile/ethyl acrylate)red nano-latex particles(PAEA)by semi-continuous emulsion polymerization.The structure and properties of latex particles were characterized by electronic universal materials testing machine and other instruments,and the effects of factors such as the proportion of hard and soft monomers,the amount of crosslinker divinylbenzene(DVB),the amount of AHAQ,the ratio of oil to water,and the concentration of initiator on the properties of latex particles were explored,and the printing effect of colored latex particles with different solid contents on cotton fabrics was studied.The results showed that the hard monomer acrylonitrile(AN)and the soft monomer ethyl acrylate(EA)had good solubility to the dye,and when the ratio of the two was 1:1.5‒1:2,the obtained latex film had both strength and ductility.The dosage of dye increased from 0.5 wt%to 2.5 wt%,the oil-water ratio increased from 1:8 to 1:4,and the conversion rates of monomer and dye showed a decreasing trend.When the solids content of latex is 30 wt%,the K/S value of the printed fabric is 10.34.Compared with the color latex particles prepared by the previous copolymerization method,the grafting rate of the dye in the latex particles increased significantly,which effectively improved the tinting strength of the color nano latex particles.

关 键 词：彩色乳胶粒 纳米颜料 乳液聚合 印花 

分 类 号：TS194.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]