论卢梭与马克思平等思想的亲缘性和差异性——基于MEGA2的研究  

On the Affinities and Differences between Rousseau's and Marx's Ideas of Equality——A Study Based on MEGA2

作　　者：郭军炜 GUO Junwei(School of Marxism,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学马克思主义学院,北京100084

出　　处：《甘肃理论学刊》2024年第2期56-63,共8页Gansu Theory Research

摘　　要：卢梭的相称平等要求个人所得和社会地位必须与能力和贡献成正比;马克思则主张真正的平等还要考虑个人社会关系的差异。MEGA2的文献学成果证明了马克思对卢梭平等思想的“特殊关注”。马克思在《克罗茨纳赫笔记》中大量摘录卢梭的相关论述,认为卢梭关于“法律总是有利于扩大不平等”的观点很特别;恩格斯在《反杜林论》中对卢梭平等思想的“高度赞赏”亦得到了马克思的认可。但不可否认,二者的平等思想存在本质区别。卢梭对不平等的批判属于道义层面,主张通过立法和教育解决不平等问题;而马克思则认为问题的解决从根本上要靠发展生产力、改变生产关系。Rousseau advocates proportional equality,linking income and social status to individual contributions,whereas Marx argues for a deeper equality considering social relations.The MEGA2 bibliography highlights Marx's"special attention"in Rousseau's equality.Marx extracted discussions from Rousseau in his notes on Kreuznach,particularly emphasizing Rousseau's view on laws perpetuating inequality.Engels'"high praise"of Rousseau's equal thought in On the Anti Duhring was also recognized by Marx.However,their ideas differ fundamentally:Rousseau tackles inequality morally,advocating legislative and educational solutions,while Marx sees it rooted in productivity and production relations.

关 键 词：卢梭 马克思 平等 MEGA2 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]