藏北高原牧户家庭收支的主要影响因素  

The main influencing factors of household income and expenditure of herdsmen in the northern Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：孙建平 贾跃凤 阿旺 吕汪汪 刘云霞 张鸣鸣 斯确多吉[1] 汪诗平[1] Sun Jianping;Jia Yuefeng;AWang;Lv Wangwang;Liu Yunxia;Zhang Mingming;Tsechoe Dorji;Wang Shiping(State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System,Environment and Resources(TPESER),Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Xizang Low Carbon Grass and Animal Husbandry Technology Co.,Ltd.,Lhasa 850001,China;Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原地球系统、资源环境国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]西藏低碳草牧科技有限公司,拉萨850000 [3]农业农村部成都沼气科学研究所,成都610041 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100094

出　　处：《西藏科技》2024年第4期48-53,共6页Xizang Science And Technology

基　　金：西藏自治区科技厅重点研发计划项目(XZ202201ZY0012N);西藏自治区那曲市色尼区科技计划项目(2022000024)。

摘　　要：基于对藏北高原12个县137户牧户的家庭人员组成、草场及家畜组成和家庭收支等的调查数据,文章旨在了解藏北高原牧民收支的主要影响因素,进而探索增加牧民收入的有效途径。分析结果表明:牧户的主要收入来源于政府补贴和出售牛羊,奶制品和牦牛绒的收入占比很低;所调查牧户年平均收入7万元左右,而年平均总支出占总收入的90%左右,其中41%用于家畜的补饲,且31%用于非劳动力人群以及家庭贷款,导致牧户净收入普遍偏低。文章在此基础上分析了实现牧民增收过程中存在的问题,并提出通过产业结构调整、加强惠民政策管理及实施等措施来促进牧民增收的合理建议,将为促进藏北高原经济发展及草原可持续发展等相关政策的实施提供重要依据。Based on the survey data of 137 herdsmen households in 12 counties of Northern Tibetan Plateau,such as the household composition,pasture and livestock composition and household income and expenditure,this paper aims to understand the main influencing factors of herdsmen’s income and expenditure in the Northern Tibet Plateau,and then explore effective ways to increase herdsmen’s income.The results show that the main income of herdsmen comes from government subsidies and the sale of cattle and sheep,and the proportion of income from dairy products and yak cashmere is very low.The average annual income of the surveyed herdsmen is about 70,000 yuan,and the av-erage annual total expenditure accounts for about 90%of the total income,of which 41%is used for livestock supple-mentary feeding and 31%is used for non-labor groups and household loans,resulting in a generally low net income of herdsmen.On the basis,this paper analyzes the problems existing in the process of increasing the income of herds-men,and puts forward reasonable suggestions for promoting the increase of herdsmen’s income through industrial structure adjustment and strengthening the management and implementation of policies benefiting the people,which will provide an important basis for the implementaiton of relevant policies such as promoting the economic develop-ment and the sustainable development of grasslands in the northern Tibetan Plateau.

关 键 词：藏北高原 畜牧产品 产业结构 牧民收支 影响因素 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]