蝴蝶兰‘大辣椒’花粉活力及柱头可授性探究  

Pollen Viability and Stigma Receptivity of Phalaenopsis‘Big Chili’

作　　者：张果 王世尧 杨书才[1] 蒋拴丽 王瑞华 赵玉安[1] 冯建[1] 杨录军[1] 王俊[1] ZHANG Guo;WANG Shiyao;YANG Shucai;JIANG Shuanli;WANG Ruihua;ZHAO Yu’an;FENG Jian;YANG Lujun;WANG Jun(Zhengzhou Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Zhengzhou,Henan 450005,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州市农林科学研究所,河南郑州450005

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第4期8-10,16,共4页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2023年河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关项目)“蝴蝶兰及近缘属种质资源收集、评价与新品种选育”(232102111101);河南省林木种质资源建设项目(豫财环资[2023]60号)“蝴蝶兰种质资源建设项目”。

摘　　要：以蝴蝶兰‘大辣椒’的不同时期花朵为试验材料,利用TTC和联苯胺-过氧化氢法分别检测花粉活力和柱头的可授性,探索最佳的授粉时期,以期为杂交育种选择亲本提供参考依据。结果表明,随着开放时间的增长,蝴蝶兰花粉团颜色逐渐加深,体积变小,硬度增加;蝴蝶兰不同开放时期花粉最佳染色时间不同,花蕾期为24 h,其余时期为48 h;不同开放时期花粉的活力也有差异,小花蕾期>大花蕾期>开放1 d>开放5~15 d;小花蕾期柱头可授性较弱,大花蕾、开放1 d和开放5 d柱头可授性逐渐有所增强,开放10 d和开放15 d柱头可授性最强。In this paper,we utilized the different flowering stages of Phalaenopsis‘Big Chili’as the experimental material to detecte the pollen viability by TTC staining method and determine the stigma receptivity by benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method.The objective was to explore the optimal pollination period and provide a reference for parent selection in hybrid breeding.The results showed that the color of Phalaenopsis pollen darkened,its volume decreased,and its texture hardened with advancing flower opening time.The optimal time for pollen staining of Phalaenopsis varied with flowering stages,being 24 h during the bud stage and 48 h during subsequent periods.There were also differences in pollen viability at different flowering stages,with the order of small bud stage>large bud stage>one day after opening>5 d-15 d after opening.Stigma receptivity was weak at small bud stage,enhanced at large bud,one day and five days after opening,and strongest at ten day and fifteen days after opening.

关 键 词：蝴蝶兰 花粉活力 柱头可授性 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]