纳米硅对低温胁迫下番茄根系构型及土壤酶活性的影响  

Effect of Nano-Silicon on Tomato Root Conformation and Soil Enzyme Activity under Low Temperature Stress

作　　者：姬晨 郭树勋 赵晏俪 王天骄 张毅[1] JI Chen;GUO Shuxun;ZHAO Yanli;WANG Tianjiao;ZHANG Yi(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第4期17-22,共6页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划项目(20220168);山西省重点研发计划项目(202102140601013)。

摘　　要：研究纳米硅对低温胁迫下番茄根系构型及土壤酶活性的影响。以番茄品种‘中杂9号’为材料,于人工气候箱中进行基质培养,叶面喷施纳米硅溶液,共设置2个温度处理(常温:25℃/16℃;低温:15℃/6℃)、3个纳米硅施用浓度(0 mg/L、50 mg/L、100mg/L),研究外源喷施纳米硅对低温胁迫下番茄幼苗生物量、根系构型、土壤脲酶活性、土壤蔗糖酶活性的影响。试验结果表明,与常温相比,低温胁迫显著降低了番茄幼苗的生物量、根系构型指标及土壤酶活性;外源喷施纳米硅后,番茄幼苗的生物量、根系构型指标及土壤酶活性均有明显提高。综上所述,低温胁迫对番茄幼苗根系生长具有抑制作用,同时会降低土壤蔗糖酶活性和土壤脲酶活性。而喷施纳米硅可以通过提高总根长,增加根尖数和提高分形维数促进番茄植株生长;通过降低土壤脲酶活性,提高土壤蔗糖酶活性改善根际环境,对提高番茄的耐寒性具有重要意义。To investigate the effect of nano-silicon on root conformation and soil enzyme activities of tomato under low temperature stress,the tomato variety'Zhongmai 9'was used as the material.The seedlings were cultivated in a substrate within an artificial climate chamber,with foliar spraying of nano-silicon solution under two temperature treatments(ambient temperature:25℃/16℃;low temperature:15℃/6℃),and three nano-silicon application concentrations(0 mg/L,50 mg/L,and 100 mg/L).The study explored the effects of exogenous spraying of nano-silicon on tomato seedling biomass,root conformation,soil urease activity,and soil sucrase activity under low temperature stress.The results showed that compared to room temperature,low-temperature stress significantly reduced the biomass,root conformation indexes and soil enzyme activities of tomato seedlings,while exogenous spraying of nano-silicon significantly increased these parameters.In summary,low-temperature stress inhibits the root growth of tomato seedlings and reduces soil sucrase activity and soil urease activity.The spraying of nano-silicon promotes the growth of tomato plants by increasing the total root length,the number of root tips and the number of fractal dimensions,while improving the inter-root environment by decreasing the soil urease activity and increasing the soil sucrase activity.The results of this study are of great significance for improving the cold tolerance of tomato.

关 键 词：番茄 低温胁迫 纳米硅 根系构型 土壤酶 

分 类 号：S626.5[农业科学—园艺学]