调亏灌溉对‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄产量品质和水分利用率的影响  

Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Yield,Quality and Water Use Efficiency of‘Sunshine Rose’Grape

作　　者：于海燕 文颖强[1] YU Haiyan;WEN Yingqiang(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第4期49-54,共6页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1000102-12)。

摘　　要：为了探索杨凌地区最佳的‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄果实生长及品质的水分调控阈值。在‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄的花期、果实膨大期和着色成熟期分别设置轻(田间持水量65%的土壤含水量)、中(田间持水量55%的土壤含水量)两种干旱胁迫,以全生育期充分供水为对照,研究不同生育期调亏灌溉对‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄生理生长状态、果实产量、品质指标及水分利用率的影响。结果表明,与充分供水相比,花期中度干旱胁迫提高果实品质和产量,每667 m^(2)产量增加5.52%,水分利用率提高8.58%;果实膨大期轻度干旱胁迫每667 m^(2)产量减少4.42%;着色成熟期中度干旱胁迫显著提高果实品质,但每667 m^(2)产量减少0.39%,水分利用率提高2.49%。综合生长指标、水分利用率、产量及品质指标四个方面得出花期中度水分胁迫最佳灌溉制度。To explore the optimal water control threshold of'Sunshine Rose'grape fruit growth and quality in Yangling area,full water supply throughout the entire growth stage was used as the control.The effects of regulated deficit irrigation at different growth stages on physiological growth status,fruit yield,quality index and water use efficiency of‘Sunshine Rose’grape were investigated.Two levels of drought stresses,light(65% soil water content of field capacity)and medium(55%soil water content of field capacity),were applied at flowering stage,fruit expansion stage and coloring maturity stage,respectively.The results showed that compared with adequate water supply,moderate drought stress at flowering stage improved fruit quality and yield,increased yield per 667m^(2) by 5.52%,and increased water use efficiency by 8.58%;The yield per 667m^(2) decreased by 4.42% under mild drought stress at fruit expansion stage;Moderate drought stress significantly improved fruit quality at coloring maturity stage,but the yield per 667m^(2) decreased by 0.39%,and the water use efficiency increased by 2.49%.The optimal irrigation schedule under moderate water stress at the flowering stage was determined after comprehensive evaluation of growth indicators,water use efficiency,yield,and quality indicators.

关 键 词：葡萄 调亏灌溉 阳光玫瑰 水分利用率 果实品质 

分 类 号：S365[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]