地球关键带研究评述:现状与展望  

A Review and Discussion on the Earth’s Critical Zone Research:Status Quo and Prospect

作　　者：杨顺华 宋效东[1] 吴华勇[1] 吴克宁[2,3] 张甘霖 YANG Shunhua;SONG Xiaodong;WU Huayong;WU Kening;ZHANG Ganlin(State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;School of Land Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation,Ministry of Nature Resources,Beijing 100035,China;Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院,北京100083 [3]自然资源部土地整治重点实验室,北京100035 [4]中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室(中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所),南京210008 [5]中国科学院大学现代农业科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤学报》2024年第2期308-318,共11页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：自然资源部课题(“地球关键带与自然资源管理战略研究”);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1500202);国家自然科学基金项目(42107334);中国博士后科学基金(2021TQ0337,2021M703305)资助。

摘　　要：近20年来,国际上兴起的“地球关键带”研究,为重新审视地球表层系统内水、土、气、生、岩等各要素的功能及其内在关联提供了新思路。通过搜集2001—2021年间国内外地球关键带研究文献,应用引文空间(CiteSpace)技术进行文献计量分析,梳理地球关键带的研究历史与现状,为自然资源综合管理和国土空间生态修复提供理论依据和决策支持。文献分析表明:地球关键带受到欧美发达国家和中国学界的普遍关注;三个发展阶段(萌芽、初期和快速发展)的研究重点差异明显;土壤是联结地表和地下过程的纽带与核心;地球物理技术成为理解地球关键带结构与过程的重要工具;联网观测和模型模拟是下一阶段的重要方向;地球关键带功能和服务的量化、权衡与提升有望成为重要的决策支持工具。未来仍需在五个方面深化研究:加强基础设施建设,构建更具包容性的地球关键带观测站网络;加强学科交叉和人才队伍建设,培养新一代地球关键带科学家;服务面向可持续发展的社会需求,在实践中应用和发展地球关键带科学;开发新技术、新方法,完善理论、模型和方法体系;揭示地球关键带过程的耦合机制及其环境效应,加强人类活动对水土过程、物质循环与能量交换影响的研究。In the past twenty years,the emerging and rising of the“Earth's Critical Zone”study has provided a new perspective for re-examining the functions of water,soil,air,life,rock and their intrinsic interactions in earth's surface system.By collecting relevant research literature on Earth's Critical Zone from 2001~2021 at home and abroad,we conducted a bibliometric analysis using CiteSpace.We introduced the history and current status of Earth's Critical Zone research,in order to provide a theoretical and decision-making support for the comprehensive management of natural resources and ecological restoration of territorial space.The results show that:(i)Earth's Critical Zone have received widespread academic attention from developed countries in Europe,the United States and China;(ii)The research priorities are obviously different among the three stages(i.e.germination,early and rapid development stage);(iii)Soil is the link and core connecting surface and underground processes;(iv)Geophysical technology has become an important tool for understanding the structure and processes of Earth's Critical Zone;(v)Networked observations and model simulations are important directions in the next stage;(vi)The quantification,trade-off,and improvement of functions and services in Earth's Critical Zone are expected to become important decision-support tools.In the future,there is still a need to strengthen research aimed at(i)Boosting infrastructure construction and building a more collaborative network of Earth's Critical Zone observatory;(ii)Construction of interdisciplinary research and talent teams and training new generations of critical zone scientists;(iii)Serving the social needs of sustainable development,apply and develop the Earth's Critical Zone science in practice;(iv)Developing new technologies and methods,and improve theories,models and methodological systems;(v)Revealing the coupling mechanisms of the Earth's Critical Zone processes and their environmental effects,and strengthen the research on the impacts of hu

关 键 词：地球关键带 土壤圈 地球表层系统 结构 过程 服务 

分 类 号：S151[农业科学—土壤学]