稻虾共作模式下土壤甲烷产生与氧化潜力及其对温度的响应特征  

Soil Methane Production and Oxidation Potential and Its Response to Temperature under Rice-aquaculture Co-culture Systems

作　　者：赵建婷 方贤滔 邹建文[1] 刘树伟[1] ZHAO Jianting;FANG Xiantao;ZOU Jianwen;LIU Shuwei(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation,College of Resources and Environmental Science,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省低碳农业与温室气体减排重点实验室,南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《土壤学报》2024年第2期539-548,共10页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077080);江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(JASTIF,CX[21]3007)资助。

摘　　要：稻田是大气甲烷的重要人为排放源。为探讨不同稻田利用方式下甲烷产生和氧化潜力及其对温度的响应特征,以我国东南部地区常规稻田种植体系、由稻田转变来的稻虾种养结合体系和常规虾塘养殖体系为研究对象,分别采集位于江苏省句容市常规稻田(CR)、共作稻区(R-CR)和共作虾区(R-CC)以及常规虾塘(CC)土壤样品,在5℃、15℃、25℃和35℃条件下进行为期30 d的室内培养实验。结果表明:农业土地利用方式转变对甲烷产生和氧化潜力均有显著影响,甲烷产生潜力由大到小依次为:共作虾区、常规虾塘、共作稻区、常规稻田,分别为1.14、0.33、0.25和0.17μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1),甲烷氧化潜力从大到小依次为:常规稻田、常规虾塘、共作稻区、共作虾区,分别为1.38、1.01、1.00和0.71μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1)。由于水分管理差异以及饲料、氮肥投入导致底物和环境因子差异造成了产甲烷菌、甲烷氧化菌的活性差异,使得不同土地利用类型土壤呈现不同的甲烷产生和氧化潜力特征;甲烷产生潜力随培养温度的升高呈指数增长,在5℃、15℃、25℃和35℃时的平均值分别为0.13、0.26、0.55和0.95μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1)。而甲烷氧化潜力仅在低温时比较敏感,在15℃、25℃、35℃时与5℃下的甲烷氧化潜力存在显著差异,而三种培养温度之间无显著差异(甲烷氧化潜力在5℃、15℃、25℃和35℃时分别为0.71、1.14、1.14和1.11μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1))。总体上,甲烷产生潜力对温度的响应强于甲烷氧化潜力。此外,土壤甲烷产生和氧化潜力均受温度或土地利用类型单因素的显著影响(P<0.01),但两者的交互效应仅对土壤甲烷产生潜力存在显著影响,对甲烷氧化潜力并无显著影响。【Objective】Paddy fields are important anthropogenic sources of atmospheric methane.This study is to investigate the methane production and oxidation potentials and their responses to temperature under different rice-based land use types.【Method】Soil samples from four typical land use types in Jurong City,Jiangsu Province,including conventional rice area(CR),rice-crayfish rice area(R-CR),rice-crayfish crayfish area(R-CC)and conventional crayfish area(CC)were collected.Laboratory culture experiments were conducted at 5℃,15℃,25℃ and 35℃ for 30 days.【Result】The results showed that land use transformation had significant effects on methane production potential and methane oxidation potential.The methane production potential was 1.14μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1) in the R-CC area,0.33μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1) in the CC area,0.25μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1) in the R-CR area and 0.17μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1) in CR area.Also,the values of methane oxidation potential were 1.38μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1) in the CR area,1.01μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1) in the CC area,1.00μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1) in the R-CR area and 0.71μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1) R-CC area.The methane production potential increased exponentially with the increase in temperature.The average values of methane production potential at 5℃,15℃,25℃ and 35℃ were 0.13,0.26,0.55 and 0.95μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1),respectively.However,the methane oxidation potential was sensitive only at low temperatures.Specifically,the methane oxidation potential at 15℃,25℃and 35℃were significantly different from the methane oxidation potential at 5℃,while there was no significant difference between the three culture temperatures.The average values of methane oxidation potential at 5℃,15℃,25℃ and 35℃ are 0.71,1.14,1.14 and 1.11μg·g^(-1)·d^(-1),respectively.【Conclusion】Due to differences in water management,feed and nitrogen fertilizer input,substrate and environmental factors led to differences in the activities of methanogenic bacteria and methane-oxidizing bacteria.Therefore,soils with different la

关 键 词：甲烷 产生潜力 氧化潜力 温度 农业生产方式转变 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]