大豆田生境红火蚁工蚁的活动性程度评价  

The evaluation of worker activity of Solenopsis invicta in the soybean field

作　　者：金涛[1] 钟浩 郝铮 马光昌[1] 杨升院 龚治[1] JIN Tao;ZHONG Hao;HAO Zheng;MA Guang-Chang;YANG Sheng-Yuan;GONG Zhi(Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pects,Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,Environment and Plant Protection Institute of China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science,Haikou 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,农业农村部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,海南省热带农业有害生物监测与控制重点实验室,海口571101

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2024年第2期354-362,I0001-I0002,共11页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1000501-06);农业农村部财政项目(1630042020020)。

摘　　要：应用刻度图示法观察记录了海口市大豆田生境红火蚁Solenopsis invicta Buren工蚁的活动性水平,并对蚁巢大小及活动时间与工蚁数量、爬升高度和恢复平静时间等指标值进行了通径分析。对41个蚁巢观察结果表明,除了1个蚁巢外,蚁巢惊扰后60 s时在观测尺平均爬升高度均大于15 s时平均爬升高度,且蚁巢被干扰后观测尺上工蚁数量和爬行高度随着时间的延长先快速增加,至45 s时达到最大,尔后逐渐减少至平静。相关分析表明,180 s内阳面平均爬行高度与测试时活动时间的相关性最高,恢复平静时间与蚁巢体积相关性最高,相关系数分别为0.4572和0.6233。通径分析表明,测试活动时间对15 s时阴面平均爬升高度、15 s时平均爬升高度及180 s内阳面平均爬行高度起正向作用,60 s时阴面平均爬升高度以及60 s时平均爬升高度与蚁巢体积起正向作用,蚁巢地表高度、蚁巢地表面积、蚁巢体积对恢复平静时间起正向作用。研究结果为了解热带地区大豆种植生境红火蚁行为活动特征,以及实施有效防控提供科学参考。The worker activity of Solenopsis invicta on the habitat of soybean field in Haikou City was observed and recorded by Ruler-mark method,as well as the path analysis between ant mound size,their activity time,and number of worker ants,climbing height,and recovery time were analyzed.The investigation results of 41 ant mounds indicated that,with the exception of one mound,the average climbing height at 60 s was higher than that of at 15 s after the disturbance.Moreover,the number of worker ants and their climbing height increased with the prolongation of time,attained the maximum at 45 s,and then gradually decreased into recovery.Correlation analysis showed that the climbing height of workers on the sunny side within 180 s was closely related to investigation time,as well as the recovery time was closely related to the mound size,the correlation coefficient is 0.4572 and 0.6233,respectively.The path analysis showed that the investigation time had a positive effect on the average climbing height of ant worker on the shady side at 15 s,the average climbing height of ant worker at 15 s,and total climbing height on the sunny side of ruler within 180 s.Moreover,the mound height,mound surface and its volume had a positive effect on the recovery time.This study offers a scientific reference for comprehending the behavioral traits of S.invicta in soybean planting habitats located in tropical areas.As well as it can aid in the successful implementation of prevention and control measures.

关 键 词：红火蚁 工蚁 活动性 大豆田生境 通径分析 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]