基于捕食性天敌及害虫种群动态筛选功能植物的研究  

Detection of functional plants in relation to the population dynamics of natural predators and pests

作　　者：米莹莹 杨亚洁 王甦[2] 金振宇[1] 李姝[2] MI Ying-Ying;YANG Ya-Jie;WANG Su;JIN Zhen-Yu;LI Shu(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei Province,China;Institute of Plant and Environment Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]北京市农林科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部天敌昆虫重点实验,北京100097

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2024年第2期489-497,共9页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金(32202372);北京市农林科学院青年科学基金(QNJJ202321)。

摘　　要：新兴的生态调控技术是利用非作物植物进行天敌生境管理的重要措施。为筛选出适宜增效捕食性天敌的功能植物,进而提高天敌对农林生态系统害虫的控制能力,本文通过追踪调查15种功能植物与对照杂草区域内节肢动物群落时序动态,比较了捕食性天敌及植食性害虫的累积量、益害比以及优势天敌类群与主要害虫关联性、时序动态变化。结果显示,绿豆Vigna radiata、紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa、蓖麻Ricinus communis、芥蓝Brassica alboglabra、罗勒Ocimum basilicum、芝麻Sesamum indicum上捕食性天敌累积量、益害比高于其他植物,且与主要害虫的关联性和时序变化关系明确,有益于优势天敌中华通草蛉Chrysoperla sinica、异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis等种群,可以作为捕食性天敌的生境管理功能植物。本研究为今后进一步更好的筛选出应用于田间保护性生物防治的植物提供基础以及新思路。Emerging ecological regulation techniques are important measures for natural enemy habitat management using non-crop plants.In order to screen suitable functional plants to increase the effectiveness of predatory natural enemies,and thus improve the control effect of natural enemies on pests in agricultural ecosystems,we monitored and investigated the temporal dynamics of arthropods communities in 15 functional plants.Then the accumulations,the predator-herbivore ratio as well as the relationship between dominant groups of natural enemies and phytophagous pests,and the temporal dynamics were compared.The results showed that Vigna radiata,Medicago sativa,Ricinus communis,Brassica alboglabra,Ocimum basilicum and Sesamum indicum had a greater accumulation of predators and predator-herbivore ratio than other plants.Meanwhile,these predators were clearly correlated with herbivore and temporal dynamics.These were could be used as functional plants in habitat management,which were beneficial to the dominant natural enemies Chrysoperla sinica,Harmonia axyridis and so on.This study provides the basis and new ideas for further detection of functional plants used in conservation biological control.

关 键 词：功能植物 保护性生物防治 害虫综合管理 天敌昆虫 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]