比较细菌培养法与革兰染色法在阴道细菌检验中的应用分析  

Application Analysis of Bacterial Culture Method and Gram Staining Method in the Detection of Vaginal Bacteria

作　　者：黎文应 曾海深[1] 孔培超 Li Wenying;Zeng Haishen;Kong Peichao(Clinical Laboratory,Foshan Third People’s Hospital,Foshan,Guangdong,528000,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市第三人民医院检验科,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《黑龙江医学》2024年第9期1073-1076,共4页Heilongjiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的:对比细菌培养法与革兰染色法在阴道细菌检验中的应用价值。方法:选取2021年10月-2022年10月佛山市第三人民医院就诊的120例细菌性阴道炎疑似患者进行研究,所有患者均经细菌培养法和革兰染色法行细菌检验,对比两种方式不同类型阴道细菌阳性检出率,以Amsel临床诊断标准为“金标准”,对比两种方式疾病诊断价值和不同致病菌检出率,另对比两种方式检查时间和满意度情况。结果:细菌培养法诊断阴道细菌的灵敏度为95.65%、特异度为82.14%、准确性为92.50%,阳性预测值为94.62%,阴性预测值为85.19%,革兰染色法诊断阴道细菌的灵敏度、特异度、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为83.70%、50.00%、75.83%、84.62%和48.28%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);细菌培养法对加特纳菌、棒状杆菌和肠球菌的检出率明显高于革兰染色法,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.628、4.694、7.336,P<0.05);细菌培养法检查时间为(4.21±1.18)h,长于革兰染色法的(0.44±0.08)h,差异有统计学意义(t=34.918,P<0.05);患者满意度高于革兰染色法,差异有统计学意义(Z=2.422,P<0.05)。结论:与革兰染色法比较,细菌培养法可准确诊断不同类型阴道细菌,灵敏度和特异度都比较强,患者更为满意。但前者耗时短,能够快速获得诊断结果,可根据临床需求合理选择检验方式。Objective:To compare the application value of bacterial culture method and Gram staining method in vaginal bacterial examination.Methods:120 suspected patients with bacterial vaginitis were studied.From October 2021 to October 2022,all patients were examined by bacterial culture and Gram staining.The positive rates of vaginal bacteria in two different ways were compared.Amsel’s clinical diagnostic standard was taken as the gold standard.The diagnostic value of the two ways and the detection rates of different pathogens were compared.The time and satisfaction of the two groups were compared.Results:The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of bacteria culture in the diagnosis of vaginal bacteria were 95.65%,82.14%,92.50%,94.62%and 85.19%respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Gram staining in the diagnosis of vaginal bacteria were 83.70%,50.00%,75.83%,84.62%and 48.28%respectively.There was difference in comparison(P<0.05).The detection rates of Gartner,Corynebacterium and Enterococcus by bacterial culture method were significantly higher than those by Gram staining method(χ^(2)=6.628,4.694,7.336;P<0.05).The examination time of bacterial culture method was(4.21±1.18)h,which was longer than that of Gram staining method(0.44±0.08)h(t=34.918,P<0.05).The patient satisfaction was higher than that of Gram staining method,and there was difference between groups(Z=2.422;P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with Gram staining method,bacterial culture method can accurately diagnose different types of vaginal bacteria,with strong sensitivity and specificity,and patients are more satisfied.However,the former is short in time,can quickly obtain the diagnosis results,and can reasonably choose the test method according to the clinical needs.

关 键 词：细菌培养法 革兰染色法 阴道细菌检验 诊断效能 满意度 

分 类 号：R711.31[医药卫生—妇产科学]