Na^(+),K^(+)//CO_(3)^(2-),SO_(4)^(2-)-H_(2)O四元水盐体系相平衡综合实验设计  

Comprehensive Experimental Design of Phase Equilibrium in the Na^(+),K^(+)//CO_(3)^(2-),SO_(4)^(2-)-H_(2)O Quaternary Water-salt Systems

作　　者：杨小俊[1] 于雪松 龚美玲 王雪茹 闫志国[1] YANG Xiaojun;YU Xuesong;GONG Meiling;WANG Xueru;YAN Zhiguo(Engineering Research Center of Phosphorous Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education,School of Chemical Engineering&Pharmacy,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学化工与制药学院磷资源开发利用教育部工程研究中心,武汉430205

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2024年第5期192-195,229,共5页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：武汉工程大学课程思政示范课程(教发[2022]20);教育部工程研究中心开放基金项目(LKF201905)。

摘　　要：针对相平衡理论知识抽象难懂,相律、相图等内容难教难学的问题,设计了四元水盐体系相平衡综合实验。采用等温溶解平衡法研究了353~373 K下交互四元体系Na^(+),K^(+)//CO_(3)^(2-),SO_(4)^(2-)-H_(2)O的固液相平衡,并绘制出等温干基相图和对应水图,确定硫酸钠相区随着温度的增加而上移。依据相图指导碱灰溶解-蒸发结晶工艺设计,解决了高CO_(3)^(2-)浓度下结晶参数的优化问题,实现Na2SO4在高温下溶解,随后降温结晶析出的循环回收过程。该实验将相平衡数据的测量、相图的绘制、相图的分析融合一体,有利于增强学生用相平衡基本理论解决工程问题的能力,实现对理论知识的融会贯通,激发其科研兴趣和探索精神。The abstract and complex nature of phase equilibrium theory often makes it difficult to understand,which can bring challenges for teaching and learning the contents of phase law and phase diagrams.To address this,we design a comprehensive experiment focusing on phase equilibrium in a quaternary water-salt system.Using the isothermal solution equilibrium method,we study the solid-liquid equilibria of the interactive quaternary system Na^(+),K^(+)//CO_(3)^(2-),SO_(4)^(2-)-H_(2)O at 353~373 K and draw the corresponding isothermal dry base phase diagram and water diagram.This phase diagram is then used to guide the process design of solution-evaporation crystallization of alkali ash,where we optimize the crystallization parameters at high CO_(3)^(2-)concentrations and recycled Na_(2)SO_(4).By integrating the measurement of phase equilibrium data,the drawing of phase diagrams,and the analysis of phase diagrams,our experiment provides a practical way to enhance students'ability to solve engineering problems using basic phase equilibrium theory.Furthermore,it helps students master theoretical knowledge,stimulates their interest in scientific research,and cultivates a spirit of exploration.

关 键 词：综合实验 相平衡 水盐体系 结晶 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]