热应激对奶牛卵母细胞及早期胚胎发育潜能的影响研究进展  

Research Progress on the Effects of Heat Stress on the Developmental Potential of Oocyte and Early Embryo in Dairy Cows

作　　者：徐竞宏 王少华 李爽 张坤 XU Jinghong;WANG Shaohua;LI Shuang;ZHANG Kun(Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Dairy Quality Research of Dairy Cows,College of Animal Sciences,Zhejiang University,Zhejiang Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省奶牛遗传改良与乳品质研究重点实验室,浙江大学动物科学学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2024年第5期1-7,共7页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(32161143032);国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作”项目(2022YFE0100200);浙江省农业畜禽新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02068-1-3);“天池英才”引进计划。

摘　　要：热应激是影响奶牛繁殖效率的重要因素之一,同时会导致奶牛产奶量下降,给全球奶业造成巨大的经济损失。随着全球气候变暖加剧,热应激影响奶牛繁殖率的问题日益凸显。目前热应激导致奶牛繁殖性能下降的具体机制尚不清楚,且缺乏热应激条件下提高母牛繁殖率的有效措施。有研究发现热应激会造成奶牛生理环境紊乱,损害卵母细胞的发育潜能,影响着床前胚胎的发育。本文综述了热应激影响奶牛卵泡生理环境、卵母细胞和着床前胚胎发育潜能的相关研究进展,为进一步探索热应激影响奶牛繁殖效率的机制以及研发相关的策略手段以减少热应激带来的经济损失提供参考。Heat stress is one of the important factors affecting the reproductive efficiency of dairy cows,and it can also lead to a decrease in milk production,causing significant economic losses to the global dairy industry.With the intensification of global warming,the problem caused by heat stress is becoming increasingly prominent.At present,the specific mechanism by which heat stress decreases the reproductive performance of dairy cows remains unclear,and there is a lack of effective measures to improve the reproductive efficiency of cows under heat stress condition.It was found that heat stress can result in a disorder in the physiological environment of dairy cows,impair the developmental potential of oocytes,and affect the development of preimplantation embryos.This article reviews the related research progress on the effects of heat stress on the reproductive efficiency of dairy cows,and provides a reference for further exploration of the mechanisms and the development of effective strategies to reduce economic losses caused by heat stress.

关 键 词：热应激 奶牛 繁殖性能 卵母细胞 着床前胚胎 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]