有钱方有闲?当前我国农村老人闲暇生活的类型差异与影响机制——基于“区域差异”的分析视角  

Is Rich Associated with Leisure?The Type Differences and Influence Mechanism of Leisure Life of Rural Elderly in China:Based on the Analytical Perspective of“Regional Differences”

作　　者：王向阳 Wang Xiangyang

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《社会建设》2024年第3期58-76,共19页Social Construction

摘　　要：当前我国农村老人闲暇生活安排存在明显的区域差异,厘清各地农村老人闲暇生活类型差异及其影响机制,对新时代实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略具有重要意义。既有研究多将农村老人闲暇差异归因于经济分化,忽略了村庄社会性质、家庭责任等要素对老人闲暇生活安排的重要影响,对其区域差异问题的关注也有所不足。基于“区域差异”的分析视角,研究表明,以珠三角农村为典型代表的发达地区宗族性村庄老人闲暇生活正当性高,可行性强,老人闲暇生活丰富多样;以赣南农村为典型代表的欠发达地区宗族性村庄和以川渝农村为典型代表的欠发达地区原子化村庄老人闲暇生活正当性充分,主体性强,老人闲暇生活尚可;以中原农村为典型代表的欠发达地区小亲族村庄老人养老资源匮乏,闲暇生活支撑不足,加上家庭代际责任失衡,村庄社会舆论对老人不友好,多重挤压样态明显,老人晚年闲暇生活空间狭小。At present,there are obvious regional differences in the leisure life arrangement of the rural elderly in China.To clarify this difference and its influencing mechanism is necessary for effectively implementing the national strategy of actively coping with population aging in the new era.Most of the existing studies attribute the leisure difference of the elderly in rural areas to economic differentiation,ignored the important influence of factors such as village social nature and peasant families on the leisure life arrangements of the elderly,and paid insufficient attention to regional differences.Based on the perspective of“regional differences”,the research shows that the leisure life of the elderly in the clannish villages in developed areas,typical of the rural areas in the Pearl River Delta,are highly legitimate and feasible,and the leisure life of the elderly is rich and diverse.The patriarchal villages in less developed areas represented by the rural areas in southern Jiangxi,and the atomized villages in less developed areas represented by the rural areas in Sichuan and Chongqing have sufficient legitimacy and strong subjectivity for the leisure life of the elderly.In Henan countryside as a typical representative of underdeveloped areas of small relatives village elderly care resources lack,lack of leisure life support,coupled with the family intergenerational responsibility imbalance,village social public opinion is not good,multiple extrusion pattern is obvious,and the leisure life space in old age is narrow.

关 键 词：农村养老 闲暇生活 村庄性质 区域差异 

分 类 号：C913.3[经济管理] F323.89[社会学]