压电复合材料梯度分布声学特性研究  

Research on Acoustic Characteristics of Piezoelectric Composites with Gradient Distribution of Piezoelectric Ceramics

作　　者：朱从云[1] 李保波 石鹏 丁国芳[1] ZHU Congyun;LI Baobo;SHI Peng;DING Guofang(School of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450007,China;College of Intelligent Manufacturing,Huanghuai University,Zhumadian 463000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院机电学院,郑州450007 [2]黄淮学院智能智造学院,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2024年第3期1-7,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51705545,15A460041);河南省科技攻关资助项目(222102210311);河南省高等学校重点科研资助项目(22A130006)。

摘　　要：目前,压电复合材料在吸声降噪领域应用广泛,但其低频吸声性能并不理想。为解决此问题,以0-3型压电复合材料为研究对象,提出使压电陶瓷体积含量呈梯度分布以提高其低频吸声系数的方法。首先,基于声电类比法和传递矩阵法,推导多梯度分布的理论公式,并通过文献构型对其进行验证;其次,将均匀分布与梯度分布的吸声系数进行比较,发现梯度分布会改变材料的声阻抗,从而改变吸声系数。最后,进行梯度分布压电复合材料数值分析,结果表明,同等条件下,当压电陶瓷体积含量呈梯度递减,且梯度差和第一梯度的厚度增加时,可明显提高低频吸声系数。At present,piezoelectric composites are widely used in the application of sound absorption and noise reduction.However,their performance of low-frequency sound absorption is not ideal.Therefore,in this paper,an improved sound absorption model for the 0-3 type piezoelectric composite material with gradient distribution of piezoelectric ceramic volume content is proposed.Firstly,the theoretical formula of the piezoelectric composites with multi-gradient distribution is derived by the acoustic-electric analogy method and transfer matrix method.The presented model is verified by comparing the results with those in the existing literature.Next,the sound absorption coefficient of the model with a uniform distribution of the piezoelectric ceramics content is compared with that of the model with a gradient distribution of the piezoelectric ceramics content.It is found that the latter can significantly alter the acoustic impedance and the sound absorption coefficient.Further,the parametric study is carried out,which shows that,the low-frequency sound absorption coefficient of the piezoelectric composites can be significantly raised by decreasing the volume content of piezoelectric ceramics,increasing the gradient difference and increasing the thickness of the first layer of the material.

关 键 词：声学 声电类比法 传递矩阵法 压电复合材料 梯度分布 吸声系数 

分 类 号：TK421.6[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程] TB564[交通运输工程—水声工程]