C/C-HfC复合材料的抗烧蚀性能  

Ablation resistance of C/C-HfC composites

作　　者：郑鹏 李红[1] 杨敏[1] 姚彧敏 任慕苏[1] 孙晋良[1] ZHENG Peng;LI Hong;YANG Min;YAO Yumin;REN Musu;SUN Jinliang(Research Center of Composite Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学材料科学与工程学院复合材料研究中心,上海200444

出　　处：《材料工程》2024年第5期171-178,共8页Journal of Materials Engineering

摘　　要：以无机铪溶液为前驱体,采用化学气相渗透法(CVI)和前驱体浸渍裂解法(PIP)制备密度为2.14 g/cm^(3)的C/C-HfC复合材料,分析其微观结构和组成,测试材料的抗烧蚀性能。结果表明:HfC陶瓷均匀地分散于基体的孔隙中,且与基体结合紧密。引入HfC陶瓷可以显著增强C/C复合材料的抗烧蚀性能。在相同的热流条件下,烧蚀时间为120 s时,C/C-HfC复合材料的线烧蚀率为6.20×10^(-2)mm·s^(-1),质量烧蚀率为2.03×10^(-2)g·s^(-1),分别比C/C复合材料降低了48.33%和40.12%。在烧蚀过程中,HfC会与热流中的氧气反应生成熔融的HfO_(2),均匀地覆盖在基体的表面形成保护层,隔绝热流,防止基体被氧化,同时阻止热量的传递。熔融HfO_(2)的蒸发也会带走表面的部分热量。随着烧蚀时间的增加,HfO_(2)的损耗会逐渐上升,基体表面的保护层会逐渐被破坏,热流对基体产生的烧蚀损伤会更为严重。C/C-HfC composites with a density of 2.14 g/cm^(3) was successfully prepared using an inorganic hafnium solution as a precursor via chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) and precursor infiltration pyrolysis(PIP) methods,and its microstructure and composition were analyzed.The results show that the HfC ceramics are uniformly dispersed in the pores of the matrix and closely bonded to the matrix.The material’s ablation resistance is significantly enhanced by introducing HfC ceramics.Under the same heat flux conditions,when the ablation time is 120 s,the linear and mass ablation rates of the C/C-HfC composite are 6.20×10^(-2) mm·s^(-1) and 2.03×10^(-2) g·s^(-1),respectively,which are reduced by 48.33%and 40.12%,respectively,compared to those of the C/C composite.During the ablation process,HfC would react with oxygen in the heat flux to generate molten HfO_(2),which uniformly covers the surface of the matrix to form a protective layer,isolates the heat flux,prevents oxidation of the matrix,and prevents heat transfer.The evaporation of molten HfO_(2) also takes away some of the surface’s heat.With the increase of ablation time,the loss of HfO_(2) will gradually increase,the protective layer on the surface of the matrix will be gradually destroyed,and the ablation damage of the heat flux on the matrix would become more severe.

关 键 词：C/C-HfC复合材料 PIP法 微观结构 抗烧蚀性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]