装饰单板漂白染色处理的色差调控机理  

Chromatic aberration adjustment mechanism of decorative veneers after bleaching and dyeing treatments

作　　者：全海洋 冷魏祺 何盛 吴再兴 沈钰程 陈玉和 QUAN Haiyang;LENG Weiqi;HE Sheng;WU Zaixing;SHEN Yucheng;CHEN Yuhe(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;China National Bamboo Research Center,Key Laboratory of Bamboo High Efficient Processing of ZhejiangProvince,Hangzhou 310012,China;Jiangshan Oupai Door Industry Co.Ltd.,Jiangshan 324100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院,南京210037 [2]国家林业和草原局竹子研究开发中心,浙江省竹子高效加工重点实验室,杭州310012 [3]江山欧派门业股份有限公司,江山324100

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2024年第3期47-53,共7页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：浙江省林业科技项目(2022YS12);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C02012);国家自然科学基金(31700489)。

摘　　要：装饰单板色差主要是由木材心边材木质素和抽提物含量的不同所导致的。木质素和抽提物中丰富的发色基团及助色基团使木材心材颜色加深,与边材形成明显的色差。采用漂白染色处理方法可以对装饰单板进行色差调控。为进一步分析色差调控机理,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对漂白处理前后的黑胡桃单板微观结构和化学成分进行测试分析,研究木材心边材微观结构、内含物、木质素等物质中发色基团含量的变化,分析木材色度变化形成的机理。研究结果表明,漂白处理后心边材色差ΔE从11.48降至2.97,而染色处理可赋予装饰单板特定的色彩;扫描电镜、红外光谱和XPS分析结果显示,漂白处理的装饰单板导管内含物明显减少,去除了部分木材表面的脂肪酸类内含物。漂白过程中O/C值降低主要与木质素降解,以及主要的发色基团共轭CO双键被破坏导致O元素的含量降低有关。木质素所含有的共轭CO和CC发色基团产生了部分降解,这是漂白处理导致单板色度变化的主要原因。同时,木质素降解导致细胞壁产生皱缩,木材内部孔隙增多,利于染液在单板内部均匀渗透。而单板在染色过程中没有与染料发生化学结合,只是物理吸附的过程。The chromatic aberration of decorative veneer is mainly caused by the different lignin and extractive contents in heartwood and sapwood.Lignin and phenolic substances are rich in chromogenic groups and co-chromophores,which significantly influences the coloration of wood,creating distinct differences between heartwood and sapwood.The common color difference control methods include chemical treatment,physical covering,and physicochemical combination.Using bleaching dyeing process,the color difference control method is a physicochemical combination treatment.Bleaching treatment was used to degrade the hair color substance of the heartwood,and the color of the heartwood was homogenized.The decorative veneer is endowed with a specific color by dyeing treatment to realize the directional control of decorative veneer color.To further analyze the mechanism of chromatic aberration control,the present study mainly tested and analyzed the chemical composition of black walnut veneer before and after bleaching by the scanning electron microscope(SEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The changes of color group content on inclusions,i.e.,lignin and other substances,in wood core sapwood were analyzed,and the mechanism of chromatic aberration adjustment was revealed.The research results indicated thatΔE decreased from 11.48 to 2.97 after bleaching,and dyeing treatment can provide decorative veneers with specific colors.The results of SEM,FT-IR,and XPS showed that the extractive contents in bleached decorative veneer were significantly reduced,and some fatty acid contents on the surface of the wood were removed.The decrease in O/C value during the bleaching process was mainly related to lignin degradation,and the main chromophore conjugated CO double bond was destroyed,resulting in the decrease in the content of O element.The conjugated CO and CC chromophores contained in lignin underwent partial degradation,which was the main reason for the color change of the veneer caused

关 键 词：装饰单板 心边材色差 漂白处理 染色处理 色差调控机理 

分 类 号：S781.7[农业科学—木材科学与技术]