一步活化法竹基厚碳电极的制备及其电容性能  

Study on capacitive performance of bamboo-derived thick carbon electrodes using one-step activation method

作　　者：金浩天 张天渝 田志伟 蒋少华 JIN Haotian;ZHANG Tianyu;TIAN Zhiwei;JIANG Shaohua(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院,南京210037

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2024年第3期103-109,共7页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：福建省高校重点实验室开放课题基金(WYKF-GCT2021-1)。

摘　　要：超级电容器作为高功率密度储能设备,一直以来备受关注。本研究使用竹材为原材料,通过一步KOH活化法,借助竹的自然结构,调整活化温度,从而优化孔隙结构以增强电解质离子的传输性能,成功制备出竹基厚碳电极。研究结果表明,随着活化温度的升高,电极的比电容逐渐增加,同时电导率也有所提高,说明更高的活化温度有助于去除杂质和增加孔隙结构的形成,从而提高了电极的比表面积和电子传导性能。当炭化温度为1000℃时,对称超级电容器器件在1 mA/cm^(2)电流密度下,呈现出4.86 mWh/cm^(3)的能量密度和2.57 mW/cm^(3)的功率密度。即使电流密度增至20 mA/cm^(2),对称超级电容器HBC 1000//HBC 1000仍保持3.13 mWh/cm^(3)的能量密度。此外,在20 mA/cm^(2)电流密度下,经过50000次充放电循环测试,HBC 1000//HBC 1000的比电容仍能够维持在初始比电容的77%。本研究旨在为生物质自支撑材料在超级电容器领域的应用提供科学依据和技术支持,以满足不断增长的能源需求和环保要求,并推动超级电容器技术的发展。With their high-power density,supercapacitors have attracted widespread attention as energy storage devices.This study was aimed at exploring the application of KOH one-step activation method bamboo-based thick carbon electrodes in supercapacitors and investigate the impact of activation temperature on performance.In this study,bamboo was employed as the primary material.The advantages of bamboo-based thick carbon electrodes are numerous.Bamboo s innate porous structure,preserved or enhanced through carbonization and activation,boosts electrode surface area,elevating capacitor capacitance.Widely available,bamboo is cost-effective compared to pricier carbon sources,reducing supercapacitor production costs.By utilizing a one-step KOH activation method and capitalizing on the inherent structure of bamboo,the activation temperature was adjusted to refine the pore structure,thereby enhancing the ion transport performance of the electrolyte.The preparation process of thick carbon electrodes typically involved the carbonization and activation of biomass materials to form electrode materials with rich porous structures.A notable characteristic of biomass-derived carbon materials is their ability to be directly fabricated into thick electrode sheets.The thick carbon electrode refers to a carbon electrode material that is thicker compared to traditional commercial electrode sheets.In contrast to the thinner commercial electrode sheets,the millimeter-scale thick carbon electrode can accommodate more active material per unit area,thereby achieving a higher area-specific capacitance.Consequently,a bamboo-derived thick carbon electrode was successfully synthesized in this study.The research results indicated that,with the increase in activation temperature,the electrode s specific capacitance gradually rose,accompanied by an improvement in conductivity.This was attributed to the higher activation temperature s ability to eliminate impurities and promote the formation of porous structures,consequently enhancing the electrode s

关 键 词：竹材 一步活化法 厚碳电极 超级电容器 

分 类 号：TQ351.3[化学工程]