基于碳、氮稳定同位素分析的三角湖鱼类营养结构研究  

Studies on the trophic structure of fish in Sanjiao Lake based on carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis

作　　者：刘淑君 翟东东 罗进勇 熊飞[1,2] 刘红艳[1,2] 陈元元[1,2] LIU Shujun;ZHAI Dongdong;LUO Jinyong;XIONG Fei;LIU Hongyan;CHEN Yuanyuan(School of Life Sciences,Jianghan University,Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin,Wuhan 430056,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学生命科学学院,湖北省汉江流域特色生物资源保护开发与利用工程技术研究中心,武汉430056 [2]江汉大学,持久性有毒污染物环境与健康危害湖北省重点实验室,武汉430056

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2024年第3期3-11,共9页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32102820);湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T2020034);江汉大学科技创新专项项目(2021kjzx006)。

摘　　要：为了解武汉地区三角湖生态系统营养结构特征,本研究应用碳、氮稳定同位素技术分析了鱼类的δ^(13)C值和δ^(15)N值组成、营养级和营养结构特征及其季节变化规律。结果显示,三角湖鱼类δ^(13)C、δ^(15)N均值分别为-26.16‰±1.33‰、13.19‰±1.97‰,平均营养级为3.05±0.64。鱼类δ^(13)C值无显著季节差异,秋季鱼类δ^(15)N值(11.33‰±2.02‰)与夏季(13.67‰±1.24‰)、冬季(14.46‰±1.36‰)差异显著。不同食性鱼类营养级存在差异,肉食性鱼类>杂食性鱼类>浮游生物食性鱼类。三角湖鱼类群落的营养结构存在季节差异,秋季鱼类基础食物来源(CR)、鱼类群落营养长度(NR)、生态位总空间(TA)、核心生态位空间(SEAc)均为最大,说明秋季鱼类食物来源多样性高,春季NR、TA、SEAc值均为最小,说明春季鱼类食物来源多样性低,鱼类之间竞争相对较大。三角湖杂食性鱼类较多,建议通过投放一些浮游生物食性鱼类及肉食性鱼类优化鱼类群落营养结构。With the intensification of urbanization,lake pollution prevention and ecological protection are facing severe challenges.Theδ^(13)C value andδ^(15)N value composition,trophic level and food network structure characteristics of fish and their seasonal variation patterns were analyzed by carbon and nitrogen stability isotope technology to understand the characteristics of the trophic structure of the ecosystem of the Sanjiao Lake in Wu-han.The results showed that the mean values ofδ^(13)C andδ^(15)N in Sanjiao Lake were-26.16‰±1.33‰and 13.19‰±1.97‰.There were no significant seasonal differences inδ^(13)C value,δ^(15)N values were significantly different in autumn 11.33‰±2.02‰from summer 13.67‰±1.24‰and winter 14.46‰±1.36‰.Theδ^(15)N value of fish in Sanjiao Lake was relatively high 6.48‰~16.41‰,which was higher than that of some lakes with less eutrophication.The average trophic level of fish in the Sanjiao Lake was 3.05±0.64,and there were significant differences in the trophic level of fish in different seasons,with the largest in winter(3.48±0.39)and the lowest in autumn(2.45±0.57).There were also differences in the nutritional level of different feeding fish,with the average trophic level of carnivorous fish being the highest and plankton-eating fish being the low-est.There were seasonal differences in the nutritional structure of the fish community in the Sanjiao Lake.The basic food source(CR),trophic level(NR),total niche space(TA)and core niche space(SEAc)of fish in autumn were the largest,indicating that the diversity of fish food sources in autumn was high.The values of NR,TA,and SEAc in spring were the smallest,indicating that fish food sources were scarce and that there was competition between fish.There were many omnivorous fish and few carnivorous fish in the Sanjiao Lake.It is recommended that the fish community be regulated by adding some plankton-eating fish and carnivorous fish.In addition,hat submerged plants be planted to restore fish habitats.

关 键 词：稳定同位素 营养结构 三角湖 鱼类 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]