稻田-沟渠协同净化池塘养殖尾水效果  

Performance of paddy field-ditch collaborative purification of tail water from pond culture

作　　者：陈思媛 陶玲[2] 彭亮[2] 代梨梨 彭格格 郝柳柳 李谷[2] 张辉[2] CHEN Siyuan;TAO Ling;PENG Liang;DAI Lili;PENG Gege;HAO Liuliu;LI Gu;ZHANG Hui(College of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,武汉430223

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2024年第3期85-96,共12页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-45-22);国家自然科学基金重点支持项目(U20A2010);中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所基本业务费(YFI20220104);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2023TD61)。

摘　　要：为了实现养殖尾水达标排放和循环利用,本研究构建了稻田-农沟-强化沟协同净化系统,考察了各净化单元对池塘养殖尾水中TN、TP、COD_(Mn)和TSS的处理效果,并采用水质标识指数法评价其去除特征和效果,通过浓度沿程衰减的模型拟合分析了相关水质指标沿流程变化规律。结果显示:净化系统出水中TN、TP、COD_(Mn)和TSS浓度平均值分别为1.33、0.19、6.61和12.00 mg/L,去除率分别为86.73%、89.26%、85.77%和93.68%。池塘养殖尾水经净化系统处理后综合水质得到明显改善,其中主要污染物TN得到了显著改善,相关水质达到《淡水池塘养殖水排放要求》(SC/T 9101—2007)一级排放要求;TN、TP和COD_(Mn)沿流程变化规律符合线性削减模型。结果表明稻田-沟渠系统可用于池塘养殖尾水的达标排放。The massive discharge of pond aquaculture tail water leads to agricultural non-point source pollution and aggravates the eutrophication of surrounding water.Research and development of tailwater discharge technology has become an important development direction of domestic and foreign fishery production.Through the ecological engineering transformation of paddy fields and ditches,a collaborative purification system integrating paddy fields,agricultural ditches and enhanced ditches was constructed.The paddy field was the production,tail water purification,utilization units,and the ditch was the tail water interception,purification and transpor-tation unit.The treatment efficiency of the purification unit on TN,TP,COD_(Mn)and TSS in the tailwater of pond aquaculture was studied and evaluated using the comprehensive water quality index method.The varia-tions of TN,TP,COD_(Mn)and TSS concentrations along the different unit were analyzed through the monadic linear regression analysis of model coefficients.Results indicated that the average concentrations of TN,TP,COD_(Mn)and TSS in outflow were 1.33,0.19,6.61 and 12.00 mg/L,and the average removal rates were 86.73%,89.26%,85.77%and 93.68%.After the purification system treatment,the comprehensive water quality of the tailwater of pond aquaculture was significantly improved.The primary pollutant TN was also sig-nificantly improved,and the related water quality reached the first discharge requirements of the requirement for water discharge from freshwater water aquaculture pond(SC/T 9101-2007).The TN,TP,and COD_(Mn)con-tent changes along the water flow were consistent with the linear reduction model.These results probably im-plied that the paddy-ditch system can be used to discharge tail water that meets the pond aquaculture standards and can be applied to rural areas where crop farming and pond farming coexist in China.

关 键 词：养殖尾水 系统构建 净化效果 沿程削减模型 

分 类 号：S959[农业科学—水产养殖]