英国国家轨道线路黏着探讨  

Discussion on Adhesion of British National Railway Line

作　　者：白文虽 王小飞 张学超 于田 BAI Wensui;WANG Xiaofei;ZHANG Xuechao;YU Tian(Rail Vehicle Research Institute of CRRC Shandong Locomotive&Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250022,China)

机构地区：[1]中车山东机车车辆有限公司轨道车辆研究所,山东济南250022

出　　处：《智慧轨道交通》2024年第3期115-118,共4页SMART RAIL TRANSIT

摘　　要：由于英国国家铁路线路老旧,轨道黏着系数相对欧洲大陆低。从影响黏着的因素包括落叶、雨/湿气/冰雪、锈蚀、油性物质、固体颗粒等多个方面详细分析了造成英国轨道线路低黏着的原因及改进黏着、缓解低黏着的措施。对于新造车辆的设计,虽然标准GMRT2045及UIC 544-1规定了车辆所需的轮轨黏着系数极限应符合LOC&PAS TSI(机车&客车互操作技术规范)中的规定,即设计时所需的轮轨黏着系数不大于0.15即可,但是考虑到英国NR实际的线路条件,特别是货车,未安装防滑器,车辆设计时应考虑到NR轨道的实际可利用黏着水平,同时参照标准GMRT2045中对货车最小制动距离的规定,货车设计减速度应尽量控制在7%g左右,以避免制动时车轮抱死擦伤。Because the national railway lines in Britain are old,the track adhesion coefficient is lower than that in continental Europe.This paper analyzes the causes of low adhesion of British track lines and the measures to improve and alleviate the low adhesion from the aspects of factors affecting adhesion,including fallen leaves,rain/moisture/ice and snow,corrosion,oily substances,solid particles and so on.For the design of newly built vehicles,although the standard GMRT2045 and UIC 544-1 stipulate that the limit of wheel-rail adhesion coefficient required by vehicles should conform to LOC&PAS TSI(Technical Specification for Locomotive-Car Interoperation),that is,the wheel-rail adhesion coefficient required for design should not exceed 0.15.However considering the actual line conditions of NR in Britain,especially for wagons without anti-skid devices,the actual available adhesion level of NR track should be taken into account when designing vehicles.At the same time,referring to the minimum braking distance of wagons in GMRT2045,the design deceleration of wagons should be controlled at about 7%g as far as possible to avoid wheel locking and wheel flat during braking.

关 键 词：英国国家铁路 轨道 黏着 落叶污染 减速度 

分 类 号：U216.9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]