澳洲白羊生长和繁殖性状的遗传评估  

Genetic Assessment of Growth and Reproductive Traits in Australian White Sheep

作　　者：朱亚宁 秦浩 张清峰 林春建 郑文新[4] 吴伟伟[4] 韩红兵[1,2] Zhu Yaning;Qin Hao;Zhang Qingfeng;Lin Chunjian;Zheng Wenxin;Wu Weiwei;Han Hongbing(Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing,100193;Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing,100193;Tianjin Aoqun Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin,301607;Xinjiang Academy of Animal Husbandry Sciences,Urumqi,830011,Xinjiang)

机构地区：[1]禽畜遗传改良北京市重点实验室/中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [2]农业与农村部动物遗传育种与繁育重点实验室/中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193 [3]天津奥群牧业有限公司,天津301607 [4]新疆畜牧科学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国畜禽种业》2024年第4期85-97,共13页The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“绵羊高效育种与繁殖关键技术研发”(2021YFD1300901);自治区科研创新平台建设项目“省部共建草食家畜遗传改良与种质创新国家重点实验室”。

摘　　要：该研究旨在评估澳洲白羊的生长和繁殖性状的遗传特性,为科学选育、良种扩繁和提高优良特性提供理论基础。在对生长性状(初生重、 90天体重、 180天体重、 240天体重、 0~90 d日增重、 90~240 d日增重)和繁殖性状(头胎产羔数、经产羔羊数、头胎窝均重、经产窝均重、头胎窝总重、经产窝总重)进行遗传评估时,使用R包AEFchida建立动物线性混合模型,进行方差组分、遗传参数、遗传相关性和育种值的估计;对于初生重,根据不同母体效应,运用R(v4-1-1)包AEFchida,比较了6种随机效应不同的动物线性混合模型。结果表明,考虑个体加性效应、母体环境效应和母体遗传效应的模型BW1为最优模型,计算初生重遗传力为(0.33±0.04)。繁殖性状在0.03~0.12为低遗传力,其中活羔数(头胎、经产)的遗传力在0.03~0.04,而生长性状在0.33~0.77之间为高遗传力,其中日增重(0~90日、 90~240日)的遗传力在0.46~0.67。产羔数与生长性状相关性较低(0~0.25),初生重与生长性状相关性适中(0.14~0.64),且表型相关性和遗传相关性基本一致。生长性状的育种均值随着年份的增加,整体呈上升趋势;繁殖性状的育种均值则变化幅度较小,选育效果不明显。可见,澳洲白羊繁殖性状和生长性状遗传特性相差较大,应采用不同的选育方式来进一步优化澳洲白羊的生产性能和遗传特性。This study aimed to genetically assess the growth and reproductive traits of Australian White Sheep,providing a theoretical foundation for scientific breeding,breeding stock expansion,and enhancement of desirable characteristics.Genetic evaluations were conducted on growth traits(birth weight,90-day weight,180-day weight,240-day weight,0-90 daily weight gain,90-240 daily weight gain)and reproductive traits(first litter lambing number,total lambing number,first litter average weight,total litter average weight,first litter total weight,total litter total weight).Using the R package AEFchida,an animal linear mixed model was established for variance components,genetic parameters,genetic correlations,and breeding values estimation.For birth weight,six animal linear mixed models with different random effects were compared using the R(v4-1-1)package AEFchida based on different maternal effects.The results indicated that the model BW1,considering individual additive effects,maternal environmental effects,and maternal genetic effects,was identified as the optimal model.The calculated genetic heritability for birth weight was(0.33±0.04).The heritability of reproductive traits ranges from 0.03 to 0.12,indicating low heritability,with the heritability of live lambs(first born,multiparous)ranging from 0.03 to 0.04.The heritability of growth traits between 0.33 and 0.77 is high,with a heritability of 0.46 to 0.67 for daily weight gain(0-90 days,90-240 days).The correlation between lambing number and growth traits was low(0~0.25),whereas the correlation between birth weight and growth traits was moderate(0.14~0.644),and phenotypic and genetic correlations were generally consistent.The breeding values for growth traits showed an overall increasing trend with increasing years,while the breeding values for reproductive traits exhibited a smaller degree of variation,suggesting less pronounced breeding effects.In conclusion,there is a significant difference in the genetic characteristics of reproductive and growth traits between A

关 键 词：澳洲白羊 生长性状 繁殖性状 初生重 随机模型 遗传评估 

分 类 号：S827[农业科学—畜牧学]