基于空间插值技术的深圳市PM_(2.5)时空分布特征分析  

An Analysis of Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of PM_(2.5) in Shenzhen Based on Spatial Interpolation Technology

作　　者：宛杨 喻博 徐淳 张思远 WAN Yang;YU Bo;XU Chun;ZHANG Si-yuan(School of Construction Engineering,Shenzhen Polytechnic University,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518055,China;School of Construction Engineering,Guangzhou Vocational University of Science and Technology,Guangzhou 510550,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳职业技术大学建筑工程学院,广东深圳518055 [2]广州科技职业技术大学建筑工程学院,广东广州510550

出　　处：《深圳职业技术大学学报》2024年第3期66-73,共8页Journal of Shenzhen Polytechnic University

基　　金：广东省教育厅(2023年度)科研项目“保障性住房和绿色建筑研究创新团队”(2023WCXTD037);深圳职业技术大学(2024年度)教育教学研究项目“智慧城市背景下‘思、专、科、产、赛’五创融合的职教本科人才培养模式探索”(7024310310)。

摘　　要：为研究深圳市PM_(2.5)的时空分布特征,获取了全市11个空气质量国控监测站点2015—2019年的PM_(2.5)逐时数据,利用计算机语言Python对数据进行预处理,在此基础上综合采用时序数据统计分析、空间插值技术和相关性分析揭示PM_(2.5)的时、空间变化规律。结果显示:深圳市2015—2019年PM_(2.5)浓度总体呈现出“西高东低,北高南低”的空间分布格局,PM_(2.5)高浓度天数和高浓度区域面积逐年减少,空气质量呈现出明显的好转趋势;各监测站点的PM_(2.5)年浓度均值在18-38μg/m^(3)之间波动,主要表现为先下降后小幅回升然后又下降;季浓度均值在10-54μg/m^(3)之间波动,呈现出明显的“冬季>秋季>春季>夏季”的季节性变化规律;月浓度均值多以6月份为中心,呈现出“V”字型分布规律;日浓度均值超标天数占比最多不超过8%,且超标天数占比逐年下降;各监测站点的PM_(2.5)日浓度均值变化的一致性与各站点之间的空间距离关系不强。To explore the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of PM_(2.5) in Shenzhen,hourly PM_(2.5) data were obtained from 11 national air quality monitoring stations in Shenzhen from 2015 to 2019.The computer language Python was used to preprocess the data.Based on this,time series data analysis,spatial interpolation technology,and correlation analysis were comprehensively employed to reveal the temporal and spatial variation patterns of PM_(2.5).Results show that from 2015 to 2019,the PM_(2.5) concentration in Shenzhen generally presented a spatial distribution pattern of“higher in the west and north,lower in the east and south.”The number of days with high PM_(2.5) concentration and the area of high concentration regions decreased year by year,indicating a clear trend of improving air quality.The annual average PM_(2.5) concentration at each monitoring station fluctuated between 18-38μg/m^(3),showing a pattern of initial decline,slight rebound,and then a decrease again.The seasonal average concentration varied between 10-54μg/m^(3),showing a clear“winter>autumn>spring>summer”seasonal variation.The monthly average concentration centered around June,displaying a“V”shaped distribution pattern.The proportion of days exceeding the average daily concentration standard did not exceed 8%,and the proportion of exceedance days decreased yearly.The consistency of the daily average PM_(2.5) concentration changes at each monitoring station was not significantly related to the spatial distance between the stations.

关 键 词：PM_(2.5) 时空分布 空间插值 深圳市 

分 类 号：TU119.4[建筑科学—建筑理论] X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]