多源遥感融合技术在古湖岸识别中的应用——以察尔汗盐湖为例  

Demonstration of Multi-source Remote Sensing Fusion Technology to Identify Ancient Lake Shorelines——Qarhan Salt Lake as an Example

作　　者：徐一帆 安福元 张清纯 司璐 柴璐琦 XU Yifan;AN Fuyuan;ZHANG Qingchun;SI Lu;CHAI Luqi(Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation,Ministry of Education,Qinghai Normal University,Xining,810008,China;Qinghai Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process,College of Geographic Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining,810008,China;Institute of Plateau Science and Sustainable Development,Beijing Normal University,People's Government of Qinghai Province,Xining,810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学,青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [2]青海师范大学地理科学学院,青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]青海省人民政府-北京师范大学高原科学与可持续发展研究院,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《盐湖研究》2024年第3期69-77,共9页Journal of Salt Lake Research

基　　金：青海省基础研究计划应用基础项目(2020-ZJ-727);国家自然科学基金项目(42371019、41961014);青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室开放基金项目(202102)。

摘　　要：多源遥感融合技术在识别被侵蚀或被覆盖的古湖岸线方面具有独特的优势。察尔汗盐湖为我国最大的第四纪液体钾盐矿床,识别该盐湖晚更新世以来的多级古湖岸及其湖面变化过程,对于保障我国的钾肥安全具有重要的意义。本研究以合成孔径雷达(SAR)哨兵一号数据(Sentinel-1A)为数据源,应用IHS融合、PC融合、GS融合和HSV融合4种融合方法对高分辨率多光谱哨兵二号数据(Sentinel-2B)在察尔汗盐湖区域进行了融合实验,并对融合结果进行精度评价;选取信息熵、互信息、平均梯度、空间频率、标准差、相关系数、差异相关性总和以及视觉保真度8种客观评价指标对融合结果进行了计算与分析。利用野外实测古湖岸的遗迹高程结合数字高程数据(DEM)对岸线进行模拟,并生成地形剖面图,来恢复晚更新世以来察尔汗盐湖古湖岸动态变化。结果表明,融合方法中的HSV算法是最适合应用于察尔汗盐湖古湖岸线的提取,对恢复晚更新世以来被侵蚀和覆盖的三级古湖岸线地貌具有较好的效果。Multi-source remote sensing fusion technology has a unique advantage in identifying the eroded or covered ancient lake shoreline.Qarhan Salt Lake is the largest quaternary liquid potash deposit in China.It is of great significance to identify the multistage paleoshoreland and its lake surface variation process since the late Pleistocene in Qarhan Salt Lake to ensure the supply safety of potash fertilizer in China.In this study,the Sentinel-1A data of synthetic aperture radar(SAR)was used as the data source,and four fu-sion methods,namely IHS fusion,PC fusion,GS fusion and HSV fusion,were used to fusion high�resolution multi-spectral Sentinel-2B data in the Qarhan Salt Lake region.The accuracy of the fusion results was evaluated,and 8 objective evaluation indexes including information entropy,mutual information,av-erage gradient,spatial frequency,standard deviation,correlation coefficient,differential correlation sum and visual fidelity were selected to calculate and analyze the fusion results.The elevation of the ancient lake shore measured in the field combined with digital elevation data(DEM)was used to simulate the shore-line,and the topographic profile map was generated to restore the dynamic changes of the ancient shores of the Qarhan Salt Lake since the Late Pleistocene.The results showed that the HSV algorithm in the fusion method was most suitable for the extraction of the ancient shorelines of Qarhan Salt Lake,and can be used to effectively restore the third-order ancient shoreline landforms that have been eroded and covered since the late Pleistocene.

关 键 词：SAR 多源遥感 数据融合技术 察尔汗盐湖 古湖岸线 

分 类 号：P619.211[天文地球—矿床学]