基于cyt b基因序列的花斑副沙鳅种群遗传多样性比较研究  

Comparative Study on Genetic Diversity of Parabotia fasciata Populations Based on cyt b Gene Sequence

作　　者：胡西庚 崔韵文 黎明政[2] 谢碧文[4] 张富铁 HU Xigeng;CUI Yunwen;LI Mingzheng;XIE Biwen;ZHANG Futie(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian,Liaoning Province 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Life Sciences,Neijiang Normal University,Neijiang,Sichuan Province 641112,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,中国科学院水生生物多样性与保护重点实验室,武汉430072 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]内江师范学院生命科学学院,四川内江641112

出　　处：《四川动物》2024年第3期241-250,共10页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2021BBA088);中国科学院项目(内陆水体鱼类多样性监测网专项);内江师范学院创新团队项目(2021TD03)。

摘　　要：为了解花斑副沙鳅Parabotia fasciata的种质资源现状,基于cyt b基因序列比较分析了长江水系4个野生群体和5个养殖群体的遗传多样性水平。结果显示,208个样本共检测到29个单倍型,38个多态位点。群体总体单倍型多态性较高(Hd=0.711),核苷酸多态性较低(Pi=0.00235),但野生群体(Hd=0.602,Pi=0.00374)的遗传多样性显著大于养殖群体(Hd=0.381,Pi=0.00091),说明养殖群体需要增加亲本资源。中性检验、错配分布和贝叶斯天际图结果表明,野生群体在历史上经历了种群扩张。赤水群体的单倍型最多,遗传多样性最高(Hd=0.836,Pi=0.00899),与其他群体遗传距离大,说明赤水河的花斑副沙鳅资源较丰富,且已形成相对独立、稳定的地理种群,种质优良,适合用作人工繁殖和新品系创制的种源。In order to understand the current status of Parabotia fasciata germplasm resources,the genetic diversity of 9 P.fasciata populations(4 wild populations from Yangtze River and 5 cultured populations)from 7 sites was compared and analyzed based on cyt b gene sequence characteristics.The results showed that a total of 29 haplotypes and 38 polymorphic loci were detected in 208 samples.The number of haplotypes in the wild populations was 26,while that of the cul-tured populations was only 4.The overall haplotype polymorphism(Hd=0.711)was relatively high,while nucleotide poly-morphism(Pi=0.00235)was relatively low.The genetic diversity of wild populations(Hd=0.602,Pi=0.00374)was sig-nificantly higher than that of cultured populations(Hd=0.381,Pi=0.00091),and this might be due to the cultured popula-tions came from fewer captive-bred parents.The results of neutrality tests,the mismatch peak diagram and Bayesian skyline plots for the whole wild populations showed a historical expansion.Chishui River population had the most haplotypes and the highest genetic diversity among all the populations(Hd=0.836,Pi=0.00899),and had large genetic distance and genetic differentiation from other wild populations(0.00661-0.00729).These indicated that the current hydrological conditions in the Chishui River were conducive to the hidden habitat and reproduction of P.fasciata.Therefore,Chishui River has a population rich in resources and has formed a stable and relatively independent geographic population with excellent germplasm suitable for future artificial breeding and strain creation.

关 键 词：花斑副沙鳅 cyt b基因 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学] Q953