全株大豆和玉米混贮采收时期和混合比例研究  

Harvesting Time and Mixing Ratio of Whole Plant Soybean and Maize

作　　者：卢相义 徐玉鹏[1] 陈雅琦 滕霄 肖宇[1] 屈新月 刘青松 阎旭东[1] LU Xiangyi;XU Yupeng;CHEN Yaqi;TENG Xiao;XIAO Yu;QU Xinyue;LIU Qingsong;YAN Xudong(Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Cangzhou 061001,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州市农林科学院,河北沧州061001

出　　处：《大豆科学》2024年第3期369-375,共7页Soybean Science

基　　金：河北省重点研发项目(22326409D)。

摘　　要：为了确定全株大豆进行青贮的最佳采收时期,制定全株大豆、玉米混合青贮的最佳比例,本研究把不同品种大豆在不同生育期进行采收,检测饲草价值,通过对比确定最佳采收时期。将玉米和濮豆5110按照鲜重比1∶0、3∶1、2∶1、1∶1、1∶2、1∶3、0∶1进行混合青贮,并对混合青贮的饲用品质进行测定,采用成分分析和模糊隶属函数对不同比例混合青贮品质进行评定,以筛选出最适宜混合比例。结果显示:比例为1∶1混合青贮的饲用品质、发酵品质和能量值最高,且相对饲用价值在此处理下达到最佳。同时,通过隶属函数得知1∶1混合综合得分为0.78,综合性能最好。结果说明在结荚期后期或者鼓粒期前期采收的全株大豆和1/2~1/3乳线区的全株玉米以1∶1的比例混合青贮效果最佳。In order to determine the best harvest time of whole soybean silage,we prepared the best proportion of whole soybean and maize mixed silage,harvested different varieties of soybeans in different growth stages,tested the forage value,and determined the best harvest period by comparison.Maize and Pudou 5110 were mixed silage according to fresh-weight ratio 1∶0,3∶1,2∶1,1∶1,1∶2,1∶3,0∶1,and the feed quality of mixed silage was determined,and the quality of mixed silage was evaluated by component analysis and fuzzy membership function to select the most suitable mixing ratio.The results showed that the feeding quality,fermentation quality and energy value of mixed silage with ratio of 1∶1 were the highest,and the relative feeding value was the best under this treatment.At the same time,the membership function shows that the comprehensive score of 1∶1 mixture is 0.78,and the comprehensive performance is the best.The results showed that the best silage effect was obtained from whole soybean harvested at the end of pod stage or early drum stage and whole maize from 1/2 to 1/3 milk line area at a ratio of 1∶1.

关 键 词：全株大豆 混合青贮 采收期 青贮品质 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]