汉语会话中叹词的语调模式和应答功能——互动视角下的听感实验研究  

Intonation Patterns and Response Functions of Interjections in Chinese Conversation:An Experimental Study on Auditory Perception from Interactive Perspective

作　　者：陈玉东[1] Chen Yudong(Faculty of Literature and Law,Communication University of China,Beijing100024)

机构地区：[1]中国传媒大学人文学院,北京100024

出　　处：《语言科学》2024年第3期225-241,共17页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(20&ZD295)的经费的支持。

摘　　要：为观察叹词作为应答语的语调模式与不同功能的关系,本研究把4种不同句子类型的前句(前件)和负载不同语调的4种叹词应答语(啊、欸、哦、嗯)(后件),通过组合合成出192个话对,由被试在8对(16种)应答功能间作听感选择,观察在汉语会话序列中前件类型与后件应答语之间的匹配度,以及叹词在不同语调下的功能取向。研究发现,根据后件应答功能选择结果推断得到的实际行为类型与前件句子功能类型大致吻合,但也突出呈现出前件形式与功能上的不对称性。应答者对叹词及其语调的选择同时影响被试对应答功能的选择,而其中语调的影响更明显。升或降两种语调可实现正负应答功能的基础区分,升降和降升等复杂语调的功能主要由曲拱后段的升降趋势决定。In order to observe the relationship between the intonation patterns and their functions of interjections as responses,192 pairs of conversations were synthesized by combining 4 kinds of sentences of different sentence types and 4 kinds of interjection response words(ɑ、ɑi、o、en)loaded with different intonations to observe the matching degrees between the types of the former sentences and the responses of the latter sentence in the Chinese conversation sequences,as well as the functional orientations of the interjections in different intonations.It is found that,the actual behavior types inferred from the response function selection results of the latter sentences are roughly consistent with the function types of the former sentences,but it also highlights the asymmetry of the former sentences in forms and functions.Respondents'choice of interjection and intonation affected subjects'choice of response function at the same time,and the influence of intonation was more obvious.The rising or falling intonations can realize the basic distinction of positive or negative response functions,and the functions of complex intonation such as rising-falling and falling-rising are mainly determined by the rising or falling trend of the back part of the curve.

关 键 词：叹词 应答 语调 互动 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]