施肥量与种植密度对田润189玉米主要农艺性状及产量的影响  

Effects of Fertilization Amount and Planting Density on Main Agronomic Characters and Yield of Tianrun 189 Maize

作　　者：卢亚妮[1] 侯青光[1] 李宏滇 黄柄壬 韦贵剑[1] 丘立杭[2] LU Ya-ni;HOU Qing-guang;LI Hong-dian(Hechi Branch of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hechi Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Hechi,Guangxi 546306)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院河池分院/河池市农业科学研究所,广西河池546306 [2]广西农业科学院,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第10期34-38,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系广西玉米创新团队河池综合试验站项目(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-04-06);广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA22068095-7)。

摘　　要：以自主选育玉米新品种田润189为试验材料,采用二因素裂区试验设计,主区为种植密度,设3个密度水平处理(A1处理42000株/hm^(2);A2处理48000株/hm^(2);A3处理54000株/hm^(2)),副区为施肥量,设4个施肥水平处理(B1处理为常规施肥,施用复合肥750 kg/hm^(2)和尿素150 kg/hm^(2);B2、B3和B4处理分别施用缓释肥600、750和900 kg/hm^(2)),探究田润189在3个密度4个施肥量水平条件下玉米主要农艺性状、产量及经济效益的表现。结果表明,种植密度、施肥量及肥密互作对植株性状、果穗性状及产量均存在显著或极显著影响。在不同种植密度条件下,田润189的产量以A3处理最高,且显著或极显著高于A1处理,但与A2处理差异不显著;在不同施肥量条件下,田润189的产量以B4处理最高,且极显著高于B2处理,但与B3和B1处理差异不显著;在肥密互作中,春播以A3B1处理的产量最高,达8494.50 kg/hm^(2)且显著高于A3B2处理,但与A3B4和A3B3处理差异不显著,而秋播以A3B4处理的产量最高(8276.50 kg/hm^(2)),显著高于A3B2处理,但与A3B1和A3B3处理差异不显著。从经济效益上看,施用缓释肥处理(B2、B3和B4处理)的收益均比常规施肥处理(B1处理)高,尤其B3处理的收益最高,达12353.59元/hm^(2),比B1处理平均增收10.77%。综上所述,田润189玉米的较佳种植密度为48000~54000株/hm^(2),在此密度下施用750~900 kg/hm^(2)缓释型复合肥(N-P 2O 5-K 2O=24-6-10)可获得较佳的产量和经济效益。A new maize variety Tianrun 189 was selected as experimental material,and a two-factor split plot design was adopted.Three treatments of density level were set up(A1 treatment 42000 plants/hm^(2);A2 treatment 48000 plants/hm^(2);A3 treatment,54000 plants/hm^(2)).4 fertilizer application level treatments were as follows:B1 was treated with conventional fertilizer,750 kg/hm^(2)compound fertilizer and 150 kg/hm^(2)urea;B2,B3 and B4 treatments were treated with slow-release fertilizer 600,750 and 900 kg/hm^(2),respectively.The main agronomic characters,yield and economic benefit of maize variety Tianrun 189 under 3 densities and 4 fertilization levels were studied.Results showed that planting density,fertilizer amount and interaction between fertilizer amount and planting density had significant or extremely significant effects on plant characters,ear traits and yield.Under different planting densities,A3 had the highest yield of Tianrun 189,was significant or extremely significant higher than treatment A1,but showed no significant differences with A2 treatment.Under different fertilization amount,B4 treatment had the highest yield of Tianrun 189,was extremely higher than B2 treatment,but had no significant differences with B3 and B1.Under the interaction between fertilizer amount and planting density,A3B1 treatment had the highest yield in spring sowing,which reached 8494.50 kg/hm^(2)and was significantly higher than A3B2 treatment.But A3B4 and A3B3 treatments had no significant differences.In autumn sowing,A3B4 treatment had the highest yield(8276.50 kg/hm^(2))but had no significant differences with A3B1 and A3B3 treatments.According to the economic benefits,benefits of B2,B3 and B4 treatments were all higher than normal application treatment B1,and B3 treatment had the highest benefit,reaching 12353.59 Yuan/hm^(2),was 10.77%higher than B1 treatment.In general,proper density of Tianrun 189 was 48000-54000 plants/hm^(2).Under this density,applying 750-900 kg/hm^(2)slow release compound fertilizer(N-P 2O 5-K 2O=24-6-

关 键 词：田润189 施肥量 种植密度 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]