祁连山北麓荒漠草原不同牧草品种的适应性研究  

Study on Adaptability of Different Forage Species in Desert Steppe of North Foot of Qilian Mountains

作　　者：李淳玥 甘辉林 马垭杰 顾新民 LI Chun-yue;GAN Hui-lin;MA Ya-jie(Zhuzhou Forestry Research Institute,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412000;Zhangye Grassland Workstation,Zhangye,Gansu 734000)

机构地区：[1]株洲市林业科学研究所,湖南株洲 [2]张掖市草原工作站,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第10期137-139,143,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省重点研发计划项目(20YF8FG150)。

摘　　要：[目的]筛选适宜的牧草品种和优良的混播类型,为退化草地的生态恢复提供科学依据。[方法]在祁连山北麓温性荒漠草原开展了无芒隐子草(Cleistogenes songorica)、驼绒黎(Krascheninnikovia ceratoides)、沙蒿(Artemisia desertorum)、沙米(Agriophyllum squarrosum)、梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)、绢蒿(Seriphidium nitrosum)、木地肤(Kochia prostrata)、霸王(Sarcozygium xanthoxylon)和草木樨(Melilotus suaveolens)共9个品种的补播及混播适应性研究,调查记录了各品种及不同品种混播组合的生长高度、覆盖度、产草量等指标。[结果]无芒隐子草、沙蒿、沙米的生长发育表现优于其他品种,草产量较高,分别为6880.5、5329.5、5259.0 kg/hm^(2),具有较强的区域适应性。沙米+驼绒黎+无芒隐子草+草木樨的混播组合和无芒隐子草+沙蒿+驼绒黎+绢蒿的混播组合可以显著提高草产量,是退化荒漠草地恢复的最佳混播类型。[结论]无芒隐子草、沙蒿、沙米的适应性好、产量较高,可以作为荒漠草原改良的适宜草种。[Objective]In order to screen out the most suitable forage species and the best mixed sowing type,to provide scientific basis for ecological restoration of degraded grassland.[Method]The adaptability research of reseeding and mixed sowing of the 9 species of Cleistogenes songorica,Krascheninnikovia ceratoides,Artemisia desertorum,Agriophyllum squarrosum,Haloxylon ammodendron,Seriphidium nitrosum,Kochia prostrata,Sarcozygium xanthoxylon and Melilotus suaveolens in the temperate desert steppe at the northern foot of Qilian Mountains was conducted.The indexes of growth height,coverage and yield of different varieties and different mixed sowing combinations were investigated and recorded.[Result]The results showed that:the growth and development performance of Cleistogenes songorica,Artemisia desertorum and Agriophyllum squarrosum were better than other varieties,and the grass yield was higher,were 6680.5,5329.5 and 5259.0 kg/hm^(2),respectively,with strong regional adaptability.Agriophyllum squarrosum+Krascheninnikovia ceratoides+Cleistogenes songorica+Melilotus suaveolens mixture and Cleistogenes songorica+Artemisia desertorum+Krascheninnikovia ceratoides+Seriphidium nitrosum mixture,could significantly increase the yield of grassland,and were the best type of mixed sowing for the restoration in degraded desert grassland.[Conclusion]The adaptability and yield of the Cleistogenes songorica,Artemisia desertorum and Agriophyllum squarrosum were good,so they could be used as the suitable grass species for desert steppe improvement.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 牧草 草产量 适应性 祁连山 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]