确定生态流量的准则与方法  

Criteria and methodologies for determining ecological flow

作　　者：陈敏建[1] 闫龙[1] 汪勇[1] Chen Minjian;Yan Long;Wang Yong

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《中国水利》2024年第9期20-28,共9页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发课题项目(2022YFC3202003);国家自然科学基金项目(52109044);国家重点实验室自主研究课题项目(SKL2022ZD02)。

摘　　要：基于反映河流生态系统自然属性的生态水文季节概念,构建了多参数生态流量体系并分析了其内涵;提出了生态水文危机管理模式下的生态流量确定准则,以临界水文条件定义生态流量,形成“生态标准河流”;研发了具有明确物理意义、规范、客观的分季节生态流量计算方法,并以黄河流域、松辽流域为典型案例进行了分析说明;确定了我国非季节性河流的生态流量管控指标,提出生态流量与河流安全管理建议。Based on the concept of ecological-hydrological seasons reflecting the natural attributes of river ecosystems,this study constructs a multi-parameter ecological flow system and delves into its essence.It introduces criteria for determining ecological flow under the framework of ecological-hydrological crisis management,defining ecological flow under critical hydrological conditions and establishing an“ecological standard river”.Additionally,it develops a calculation method for seasonal ecological flow with clear physical significance,standardization,and objectivity,demonstrated through case studies in the Yellow River basin and the Songliao River basin.Furthermore,it proposes ecological flow control indicators for non-seasonal rivers in China and provides recommendations for ecological flow and river security management.

关 键 词：生态流量 生态系统 自然属性 生态水文季节 危机管理 生态标准河流 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]