全纤维电容式传感器的结构设计及其性能  

Structure design and performance of fiber capacitive sensor

作　　者：陈莹[1] 沈娜弟 张露 CHEN Ying;SHEN Nadi;ZHANG Lu(School of Materials Design and Engineering,Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京服装学院材料设计与工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《纺织学报》2024年第5期43-50,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：北京服装学院青年骨干教师成长支持计划项目(BIFTQG201812);北京服装学院科学研究项目(2020A-09)。

摘　　要：由于受柔性电容式传感器介电层弹性模量的限制,目前电容器的性能如灵敏度等难以达到应用要求,为提高传感器的传感性能,以聚吡咯复合蚕丝织物作为织物电极,羊毛纤维集合体作为介电层构建全纤维的电容式压力传感器,对电极的织物结构和纤维集合体高度进行优化分析;对传感器的电学及传感性能进行测试,并进行了应用探索。结果表明:面密度为69 g/m^(2)素绉缎聚吡咯复合织物方阻最小,为42Ω/□;纤维电容器以素绉缎聚吡咯复合织物作为电极,羊毛纤维集合体为介电层,且高度为1.4 cm时传感性能最优,在频率为10 kHz、电容最高为66 pF、压力为0~5 N范围内灵敏度最高为1.08 N^(-1)。该电容式传感器具有良好的稳定性,有望应用于肢体运动监测与公共场合安全监测中。Objective Due to the limitation of the Young′s modulus of the dielectric layer of the current flexible capacitive sensor,the performance of the capacitor,such as sensitivity,cannot meet the requirements,so material selection and structural design of the electrodes and dielectric layers of fabric sensor are required to improve the sensing performance.In this paper,a series of polypyrrole composited silk fabrics were used as fabric electrodes,and wool fiber aggregates were used as dielectric layers to construct an all-fiber capacitive pressure sensor.Methods Based on the calculation formula of effective dielectric constant,the pores in the fabric electrode and the air dielectric layer have a positive impact on the sensitivity of the sensor.Therefore,the polypyrrole composite silk fabrics were used as the electrode,and fiber and air aggregates were used as dielectric layers to study the effects of different fabric structures,different types and contents of fibers in dielectric layers on the performance of capacitive sensors.Application explorations of human motion and safety detection were also done.Results The square resistance of polypyrrole composited crepe satin fabric(69 g/m^(2))was the smallest,which was 42Ω/□.This is because the density of crepe satin silk is the largest,the diameters of yarns are also larger,the warp yarn is twisted,and the weft yarn is not twisted.The sensitivities of cotton and wool fiber capacitors were better than that of acrylic fiber.Because wool fiber has better elasticity and uses less,so wool fiber is finally selected as the dielectric layer.When the height of the dielectric layer is higher,the wool content is larger,the dielectric constant is larger,and the capacitance value is larger,but when the height is too high,the air content decreases,and the deformation ability of the overall dielectric layer decreases,thereby reducing the capacitance change rate,so he height of 1.4 cm as the dielectric layer had the best performance.The fabric 5^(#)(69 g/m^(2)plain crepe satin)has the

关 键 词：电容 织物传感器 聚吡咯 纤维介电层 织物电极 

分 类 号：TS101.4[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]